Chemical comparison and discrimination of two plant sources of Angelicae dahuricae Radix, Angelica dahurica and Angelica dahurica var. formosana, by HPLC‐Q/TOF‐MS and quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker

Abstract

Introduction Angelica dahurica(BZ) and Angelica dahurica var. formosana(HBZ) are two plant sources of Angelicae dahuricae Radix. Although BZ and HBZ are commonly used herbal medicines with great medicinal and dietary values, study on their phytochemicals and bioactive compositions is limited. Objective To compare the chemical compositions of BZ and HBZ and find the chemical makers for discrimination and quality evaluation of the two botanical origins of Angelicae dahuricae Radix. Methodology A high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method was established for chemical profiling of BZ and HBZ. Then, a quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker method was developed for simultaneous determination of nine bioactive coumarins (xanthotoxol, oxypeucedanin hydrate, byakangelicin, xanthotoxin, bergapten, oxypeucedanin, phellopterin, imperatorin and isoimperatorin). Moreover, chemometrics were performed to compare and discriminate BZ and HBZ samples. Results A total of 30 coumarins compounds were identified, and the chemical compositions in BZ and HBZ were quite similar. The quantitative analysis showed that there were significant differences in the contents of bioactive coumarins, and the chemometric analysis indicated five coumarins (xanthotoxol, xanthotoxin, bergapten, phellopterin and isoimperatorin) were responsible for the significant differences between BZ and HBZ, which could be used as chemical markers to distinguish the two original plant sources of Angelicae dahuricae Radix. Conclusion The present work provided useful information for understanding the chemical differences between BZ and HBZ and also provided feasible methods for quality evaluation and discrimination of herbal medicines originating from multiple botanical sources.

Comparative Analysis of Coumarin Profiles in Different Parts of Peucedanum japonicum and Their Aldo–Keto Reductase Inhibitory Activities

“…In these BPI chromatograms, the flower extract exhibited the most peaks and was fractioned using dichloromethane to obtain a chromatogram with increased intensity of coumarins ( Figure S1 ). The mass spectrum of each peak in the BPI chromatogram of the dichloromethane fraction of the P. japonicum flowers ( Figures S2–S29 ) was carefully interpreted by analyzing its experimental and theoretical high-resolution MS (the positive mode), error ppm, molecular formula, and MS/MS fragmentation ( Table 1 ), as well as by comparing with existing data for coumarins of the Peucedanum species reported in the literature [ 3 , 6 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. In addition, UPLC-PDA chromatograms of all the peaks present in the methanol extract of four parts of P. japonicum and their UV-Vis spectra between 210–500 nm were shown in Figures S30 and S31 .…”

“…Peaks 1–4 and 8 had a common fragment ion for 4-hydroxy-7 H -furo [3, 2 - g ][ 1 ]benzopyran-7-one (5-hydroxypsoralen) or 9-hydroxy-7 H -furo [3, 2 - g ][ 1 ]benzopyran-7-one (8-hydroxypsoralen) at m / z 203.0344 [M − R + H] + , which resulted from the loss of different substituents at the C-5 oxygen or the C-8 oxygen [ 37 ]. In a review of coumarins isolated from Peucedanum species [ 1 ], the isolation of linear furanocoumarins, such as bergapten, cnidilin, isoimperatorin, and oxypeucetanin hydrate from P. japonicum was reported.…”

Analysis of the rhizosphere bacterial diversity of Angelica dahurica var. formosana from different experimental sites and varieties (strains)

“…The main active components of A. dahurica var. formosana are coumarins and essential oils, and the coumarins mainly include imperatorin and isoimperatorin ( Shi et al, 2022 ). Regardless of the difference in production area or germplasm, the variation in imperatorin occurred in a direction opposite to that of bacterial diversity.…”

Geographical distribution-based differentiation of cultivated Angelica dahurica, exploring the relationship between the secretory tract and the quality

“…Most researchers have recently accepted the rst viewpoint that the original Angelica dahurica is divided into two categories based on their geographical distribution in the north and south 11 . Evidence revealed signi cant quality and low genetic similarity differences between the two varieties of A. dahurica [12][13][14] .…”