Chemical Characterization of Testes Meals Made from Alaska's Seafood Processing Byproducts

Abstract

Our objective was to produce a unique feed ingredient from underutilized walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) and pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) testes. Protein content in meals from both species (72% and 80%, respectively) were above the values found in high quality herring meals (∼70%), but both were poor in some essential amino acids, e.g., methionine. Additionally, both were good sources of the amino acid taurine (1.7 and 2.2% of meal, respectively). Pollock meal was very rich in phospholipids (82% of total lipids) and in DHA (28 mg/g meal) and EPA (18 mg/g meal), indicating potential as an ingredient in larval starter diets. The purine contents in both pollock and salmon testes meals were more than 10 times the concentrations found in other fish byproducts or commercial fishmeals. The high concentrations of purines found in these testes, especially in the salmon meal, make it an ideal candidate for an immune system stimulant when added to dietary formulations.

Use of salmon by‐product meals as a replacement for anchovy meal in practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei )

“…Processing by-products also have generally been favoured over plant sources of protein as alternatives to shrimp diets due to their relative good palatability. Furthermore, salmon meal also contains other functional nutrients which are not measured in this study, such as nucleotides (Plante et al, 2008) and steroid hormones (Borghetti, Iwamoto, Hardy, & Sower, 1989;Matty & Cheema, 1978;Matty & Lone, 1985;Pelissero & Sumpter, 1992), which can also increase growth performance, feed intake and immune response. Some studies also demonstrated that salmon meal is not only a good fish meal replacement source, but also a functional protein for feed (Deng et al, 2013;Lee et al, 2015).…”

Salmon testes meal as a functional feed additive in fish meal and plant protein-based diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykissWalbaum) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticusL.) fry

“…Another possibility to explain the functional effects of salmon TM is associated with the high level of nucleotides in TM (Plante et al . ). Dietary supplementation with nucleotides results in positive effects on fish growth performance (Borda, Martinez‐Puig & Cordoba ; Tahmasebi‐Kohyani, Keyvanshokooh, Nematollahi, Mahmoudi & Pasha‐Zanoosi ; Abtahi, Yousefi & Abedian Kenari ).…”

“…Pink salmon ( O. gorbuscha ) TM (crude protein, 80%; crude lipid, 3.0%; ash, 12.5%; moisture, 6.58%) used in this study was produced at the Fisheries Industrial Technology Center, University of Alaska, Kodiak, Alaska, USA, as described by Plante et al . (). Briefly, fresh pink salmon testes were collected in plastic 20 litre pails from a commercial processing plant in Kodiak AK, transported to the Fisheries Industrial Technology Center and frozen in a blast freezer at −30°C.…”

“…; Forster, Babbitt & Smiley ). In Alaska, approximately 100 000 mt of fish testes are available in processing by‐product (Plante, Smiley, Oliveira, Stone, Hardy & Bechtel ). Fish testes can be easily segregated and collected during salmon processing.…”

An evaluation of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) testes meal in diets for pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei): effect on palatability, digestibility and growth performance

“…The pink salmon testes meal used in this study was found to be a particularly good source of these two amino acids. A previous study has shown that pink salmon testes meal is a good source of purines and nucleotides, suggesting its use in maximizing immune system functions (Plante et al 2008). Based on the results of this study, the pink salmon testes meal can be considered a good candidate as a feed additive or functional ingredient in shrimp feed containing a high level of soybean meal and low level of fishmeal.…”