Chemical characterization of hydrous ferric oxides by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Harvey, David T.; Linton, Richard W.

doi:10.1021/ac00234a030

Cited by 138 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The Fe 2p spectral lines at BEs 7129/1a n d 7259/1 eV are consistent with values for Fe 3' in geothite, limonite, and hydrous ferric oxides [47]. Fig.…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 82%

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Characterization of sol–gel-derived nano-particles separated from oil sands fine tailings

Majid

Argue

Boyko

et al. 2003

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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Methodology has been developed to separate nano-particles of amorphous material from Syncrude fine tailings. Both, separated finer solids and residual coarser solids, were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, XPS, SEM, infrared spectroscopy, solid-state NMR, density, and surface area measurements. Based on the results of infrared and X-ray diffraction, the amorphous minerals identified in finer solids included allophanes, halloysite, ferrihydrite, and amorphous silica. The finer fraction also contained some crystalline material consisting of muscovite and traces of quartz. The residual coarser solids consisted mostly of quartz, muscovite, and kaolinite. #

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“…The Fe 2p spectral lines at BEs 7129/1a n d 7259/1 eV are consistent with values for Fe 3' in geothite, limonite, and hydrous ferric oxides [47]. Fig.…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This supports the theory regarding a coating of amorphous material on the surface of a mixture of inorganic minerals. The Si 2s and O 1s BEs of this material are similar to those for silica, but distinctly different from those for the sheet silicate kaolinite [47].…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 53%

Characterization of sol–gel-derived nano-particles separated from oil sands fine tailings

Majid

Argue

Boyko

et al. 2003

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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“…New data for selected energy levels in pentlandite are proposed, and previous data for peak positions and linewidths are included in Table 2. This table also includes data for the iron oxides and hydroxides (after Mclntyre and Zetaruk, 1977;Harvey and Linton, 1981;Mills and Sullivan, 1983), sulphates (after Frost et al, 1974;Limouzin-Maire, 1981) and nickel oxides (after Mclntyre and Cook, 1975).…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Xps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface alteration of pentlandite and spectroscopic evidence for secondary violarite formation

Richardson¹,

Vaughan²

1989

Mineral. mag.

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Synthetic pentlandite surfaces were subjected to oxidation by a range of inorganic oxidants, and the resultant alteration of the surface studied by a range of surface-sensitive spectroscopic techniques. The oxidants used were air during heating to relatively low temperatures (150~ steam, ammonium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, and sulphuric acid. Electrochemical oxidation was also undertaken. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), conversion electron M6ssbauer spectroscopy (CEMS), and spectral reflectance measurements were used to characterize the surface compositions. New data for the binding energies of core electrons in pentlandite and violarite, based on the fitted XPS spectra, are proposed. For pentlandite and violarite respectively, values of 707.3 eV and 708.4 eV for the Fe 2p 3/2, 853.0 eV and 853.2 eV for the Ni 2p 3/2, and 161.2 eV for the S 2p in both sulphides, were obtained. After oxidation the pentlandite surfaces indicated nickel enrichment in the subsurface, with the formation of violarite. The immediate oxidized surface, of approximately 10A thickness, indicated a range of iron oxides and hydroxides (Fe304, Fe203 and FeOOH, with possible Fe1_xO and Fe(OH)3), nickel oxide (NiO), and iron sulphates (FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3). The proportions of the phases present in the surface layer are inferred to be a consequence of both the strength of the oxidant employed, and the thermodynamic stability of the phases, as can be illustrated using partial pressure and Eh/pH diagrams. A sequence of oxidation is proposed, accounting for the sub-surface enrichment in violarite, and the development of the oxidized surface, which is inferred to have a major affect on the rates of oxidation.

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“…Recent studies of X-ray-induced Auger processes (Wagner et al, 1979;Dillard and Koppelman, 1982;Harvey and Linton, 1981) demonstrated that speciation of surface components is practical using XPS. To provide speciation information, corebinding energy data (CBE) and Auger kinetic-energy results (AKE) must be compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Chemistry of Cobalt in Calcined Cobalt-Kaolinite Materials

Dillard

Schenck

Koppelman

1983

Clays and clay miner.

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Chemical characterization of hydrous ferric oxides by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Cited by 138 publications

References 17 publications

Characterization of sol–gel-derived nano-particles separated from oil sands fine tailings

Characterization of sol–gel-derived nano-particles separated from oil sands fine tailings

Surface alteration of pentlandite and spectroscopic evidence for secondary violarite formation

Surface Chemistry of Cobalt in Calcined Cobalt-Kaolinite Materials

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