Chemical characterization of fine and ultrafine PM, direct and indirect genotoxicity of PM and their organic extracts on pulmonary cells

Billet, Sylvain; Landkocz, Yann; Martin, Perrine; Verdin, Anthony; Ledoux, Frédéric; Lepers, Capucine; André, Véronique; Cazier, Fabrice; Sichel, François; Shirali, Pirouz; Gosset, Pierre; Courcot, Dominique

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2018.04.022

Cited by 39 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The latter studies have shown the contribution of combustion sources to the oxidative potential of aerosols, confirming the importance of industrial and traffic-related emissions, particularly in terms of carbonaceous species, transition metals, and PAHs [130]. These compounds were already quantified in PM and linked to in vitro toxicity in previous studies conducted in the Dunkerque metropolitan area [131,132]. In a previous work, we collected PM samples according to the wind direction and the season, and we were able to show variations in the mechanisms of toxic action depending on the sources.…”

Section: Consequence Of Short Term Exposure To Ambient Air Pollution supporting

confidence: 64%

Impact of Sea Breeze Dynamics on Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Toxicity in Industrial and Urban Coastal Environments

et al. 2020

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Sea breeze (SB) phenomena may strongly influence air quality and lead to important effects on human health. In order to study the impact of SB dynamics on the properties and toxicity of aerosols, an atmospheric mobile unit was deployed during a field campaign performed in an urbanized and industrialized coastal area in Northern France. This unit combines aerosol samplers, two scanning lidars (Doppler and elastic) and an air-liquid interface (ALI, Vitrocell®) in vitro cell exposure device. Our study highlights that after the passage of an SB front, the top of the atmospheric boundary layer collapses as the thermal internal boundary layer (TIBL) develops, which leads to high aerosol extinction coefficient values (>0.4 km−1) and an increase of PM2.5 and NOx concentrations in the SB current. The number-size distribution of particles indicates a high proportion of fine particles (with diameter below 500 nm), while the volume-size distribution shows a major mode of coarse particles centered on 2–3 µm. Individual particle analyses performed by cryo-transmission scanning electron microscopy (cryo-TSEM)-EDX highlights that submicronic particles contained a high fraction of secondary compounds, which may result from nucleation and/or condensation of condensable species (vapors or gaseous species after photo-oxidation). Secondary aerosol (SA) formation can be enhanced in some areas, by the interaction between the SB flow and the upper continental air mass, particularly due to the effect of both turbulence and temperature/humidity gradients between these two contrasting air masses. Potential areas of SA formation are located near the ground, during the SB front passage and in the vicinity of the SB current top. During the sea breeze event, an increase in the oxidative stress and inflammation processes in exposed lung cells, compared to the unexposed cells, can also be seen. In some instances, short singularity periods are observed during SB, corresponding to a double flow structure. It consists of two adjacent SB currents that induce an important increase of the TIBL top, improving the pollutants dispersion. This is associated with a substantial decrease of aerosol mass concentrations.

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Section: Consequence Of Short Term Exposure To Ambient Air Pollution supporting

confidence: 64%

Impact of Sea Breeze Dynamics on Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Toxicity in Industrial and Urban Coastal Environments

et al. 2020

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“…Krall and Strickland 13 observed only effects from tailpipe exhaust on lung function and eNO. Billet et al 9 exposed cells in vitro to particles from a highly industrialised environment and found that ultrafine particles with higher concentrations of polyaromatic hydrocarbons induced more oxidative DNA damage adducts and DNA damage response. Peng et al 6 observed that PM from vehicle emissions, diesel engines and wood burning was associated with the largest increases in emergency hospital admissions for cardiovascular- and respiratory disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 8 In controlled experiments in vitro, exposing human lung cells to PM from different sources triggered very different pulmonary cell and DNA damage outcomes. 9 A deepened knowledge about effects of specific particle pollution sources is of particular interest to prioritise public health measures to reduce health effects of ambient air pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to traffic-related particle matter and effects on lung function and potential interactions in a cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study in west Sweden

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesTo investigate the long-term effects of source-specific particle matter (PM) on lung function, effects of Surfactant Protein A (SP-A) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes GSTP1 and GSTT1 gene variants and effect modification by single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype.DesignCohort study with address-based annual PM exposure assigned from annual estimates of size (PM10, PM2.5 and PMBC) and source-specific (traffic, industry, marine traffic and wood burning) dispersion modelling.SettingGothenburg, Sweden.ParticipantsThe ADult-Onset asthma and NItric oXide Study had 6685 participants recruited from the general population, of which 5216 (78%) were included in the current study with information on all variables of interest. Mean age at the time of enrolment was 51.4 years (range 24–76) and 2427 (46.5%) were men.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Secondary outcome measures were effects and gene–environment interactions of SP-A and GSTT1 and GSTP1 genotypes.ResultsExposure to traffic-related PM10 and PM2.5 was associated with decreases in percent-predicted (% predicted) FEV1 by −0.48% (95% CI −0.89% to −0.07%) and −0.47% (95% CI −0.88% to −0.07%) per IQR 3.05 and 2.47 µg/m3, respectively, and with decreases in % predicted FVC by −0.46% (95% CI −0.83% to −0.08%) and −0.47% (95% CI −0.83% to −0.10%). Total and traffic-related PMBC was strongly associated with both FEV1 and FVC by −0.53 (95% CI −0.94 to −0.13%) and −0.43% (95% CI −0.77 to −0.09%) per IQR, respectively, for FVC, and similarly for FEV1. Minor allele carrier status for two GSTP1 SNPs and the GSTT1 null genotype were associated with decreases in % predicted lung function. Three SP-A SNPs showed effect modification with exposure to PM2.5 from industry and marine traffic.ConclusionsPM exposure, specifically traffic related, was associated with FVC and FEV1 reductions and not modified by genotype. Genetic effect modification was suggested for industry and marine traffic PM2.5.

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“…This is an urban‐industrial site influenced by maritime traffic, which makes Dunkirk a site of particular interest for the monitoring of air pollution and the evaluation of its effects on health. The collection method was previously described (Billet et al, ). The impaction plates were changed every 2 weeks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air pollution, and in particular airborne particulate matter (PM), represents a major health problem. PM is composed of a heterogeneous and complex mixture of organic and inorganic constituents among which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), volatile organic compounds, metals (e.g., Fe, Al, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, V), ions (e.g., NO 3 − , NH 4 + , Cl − , Na + , K + ) and biological fraction (fungi, bacteria, spores) (Billet et al, ). This composition varies according to the origin, the meteorological conditions as well as the residence time and the physicochemical evolution of particles in the atmosphere (Dergham et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective pilot study of the T‐lymphocyte response to fine particulate matter exposure

Zallouha

Landkocz

Meausoone

et al. 2020

J of Applied Toxicology

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Exposure to air pollution is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Once the fine atmospheric particulate matter (FP) is inhaled, some of its compounds can pass through the lungs and reach the bloodstream where they can come into contact with immune cells. Exposure to FP particularly affects sensitive populations such as the elderly. Aging affects the immune system, making the elderly more vulnerable.The project aims to determine the effects of FP exposure on human T cells while looking for biomarkers associated with exposure. Blood samples from 95 healthy subjects in three different age groups (20-30, 45-55 and 70-85 years) were collected to determine a potential age effect. T lymphocytes were isolated to be exposed ex vivo for 72 hours to 45 μg/mL of FP collected in Dunkirk and chemically characterized. Overexpression of the CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and CYP2S1 genes was therefore measured after exposure of the T cells to FP. These genes code for enzymes known to be involved in the metabolic activation of organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons detected in the FP sample. T-cell profiling allowed us to suggest a mixed T-helper 1/2 profile caused by exposure to FP. With regard to the influence of age, we have observed differences in the expression of certain genes, as well as an increase in interleukin-4 and -13 concentrations in the elderly. These results showed that exposure of T lymphocytes to FP causes effects on both transcriptomic and cytokine secretion levels. K E Y W O R D Sage, air pollution, fine particulate matter, immunological profile, metabolic activation, T lymphocytes

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Chemical characterization of fine and ultrafine PM, direct and indirect genotoxicity of PM and their organic extracts on pulmonary cells

Cited by 39 publications

References 58 publications

Impact of Sea Breeze Dynamics on Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Toxicity in Industrial and Urban Coastal Environments

Impact of Sea Breeze Dynamics on Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Toxicity in Industrial and Urban Coastal Environments

Exposure to traffic-related particle matter and effects on lung function and potential interactions in a cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study in west Sweden

A prospective pilot study of the T‐lymphocyte response to fine particulate matter exposure

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