Chemical characterization, in vitro dry matter and ruminal crude protein degradability and microbial protein synthesis of some cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) haulm varieties

Anele, U.Y.; Südekum, Karl‐Heinz; Hummel, Jürgen; Arigbede, O. M.; Oni, A.O.; Olanite, J. A.; Böttger, Christian; Ojo, V. O. A.; Jolaosho, A. O.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.11.005

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…, 1992), was greater in the improved haulms. This finding was in agreement with earlier in vitro study (Anele et al. , 2011a) in which improved haulm varieties supplied greater utilizable CP at the duodenum (total CP at the duodenum minus endogenous CP).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Chemical composition, rumen degradability and crude protein fractionation of some commercial and improved cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) haulm varieties

Anele

Südekum

Arigbede

et al. 2011

Grass and Forage Science

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Seasonal chemical composition, in sacco organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) degradabilities and CP fractions of haulms of three improved (ITA2, ITA6 and ITA8) and three commercial (Oloyin, Peu and Sokoto) cowpea varieties harvested in wet and dry seasons were evaluated in a 2 · 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Effective degradation of OM and CP was estimated at assumed outflow rates of 2 and 4% h )1 . Commercial haulms (all the other parts of the cowpea minus the grains) had greater (P < 0AE001) CP than improved varieties, whereas neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre were greater (P < 0AE001) in improved vs. commercial haulms. Interactions between variety group (improved vs. commercial) and season were observed for CP (P = 0AE002), lignin (P = 0AE003) and hemicellulose (P = 0AE030) contents of the haulms. Similarly, a group · season interaction was observed for effective degradation of OM at an outflow rate of 2%. The proportion of substrate degraded in the samples harvested in the wet season was generally less (P < 0AE001) than in the dry season. Effective degradability values of OM at the assumed passage rates were greater (P < 0AE001) for improved vs. commercial cowpea haulms. Interactions between group and season were observed for all but one of the CP fractions.Seasonal differences in the quality of haulms showed that attention must be given to handling of haulms to minimize the amount of leaves lost during the wet season.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The trend observed in OM and CP degradabilities agreed with an earlier in vitro study (Anele et al. , 2011a) in which more OM was degraded in the improved haulms and more CP was degraded in the commercial vs. improved haulms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Chemical composition, rumen degradability and crude protein fractionation of some commercial and improved cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) haulm varieties

Anele

Südekum

Arigbede

et al. 2011

Grass and Forage Science

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“…In contrast to cereal crop residues, which generally fall short of the minimum N content of 1–1.2% needed for ruminant microbes to efficiently digest feed in the rumen, legume haulms contain much more than the minimum N and can therefore serve as supplements to cereal crop residues. Nitrogen content of the haulms in the present study ranged from 1.8 to 3.0%, similar to reported values of 2.3 by FAO (1981) , 1.3–3.5 by Kaasschieter et al (1998) , and 2.4–3.5 by Anele et al (2011) . Where legume haulms are mainly used as supplements, exploitable variations in N content would be of primary interest.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cowpea and Groundnut Haulms Fodder Trading and Its Lessons for Multidimensional Cowpea Improvement for Mixed Crop Livestock Systems in West Africa

et al. 2017

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Cowpea is an important legume crop in Africa, valued highly for its grain and also haulms, which are a tradable commodity in fodder markets. Fodder market surveys in Northern Nigeria showed that groundnut haulms were priced higher than cowpea haulms, probably because of their superior nutritive value. The economic value of haulms has prompted cowpea breeders and livestock nutritionists to explore haulm fodder traits as additional selection and breeding criteria. Fifty cowpea genotypes cultivated across five locations in Nigeria in 2013 and 2014 were evaluated for food fodder traits. Significant (P < 0.05) genotypic dependent variations were observed in yields (kg/ha) of grains (537-1082) and haulms (1173-3368), though significant (P < 0.05) effects of location and year were observed. Grain and fodder yield had a tendency to be positively correlated (r = 0.26, P = 0.07). Haulms were analyzed for nitrogen (N), fiber fractions, in vitro digestibility, and metabolizable energy content. Highly significant variations were observed in all genotypic and livestock nutrition traits, although location and year had significant effects. Trade-offs between grain yield and haulm fodder quality traits were largely absent and haulm acid detergent lignin and grain yield were even inversely correlated (r = −0.28, P = 0.05), that is high grain yielders had decreased haulm lignin. However, haulm N and grain yield also tended to be negatively associated (r = −0.26, P = 0.07). Haulm fodder quality traits and haulm yield were mostly positively correlated (P < 0.05). Broad sense heritabilities for grain and fodder yield were 0.50 and 0.29, respectively, while heritability for haulm fodder quality traits ranged from 0.61 to 0.67, providing opportunities for concomitant increase in grain yield and haulm fodder quality traits. Selection of the 10 highest ranking genotypes for grain yield, haulm yield, haulm N, and haulm in vitro organic matter digestibility showed selection groups overlapping, suggesting that multi-trait selection is feasible. Economical evaluation showed that choice of primary traits is context specific, highlighting the need for identifying and targeting appropriate genotypes to fit different production systems. Considering haulm quantity and quality as traits of economic value can increase overall plant value in mixed crop-livestock systems.

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“…BR 17 Gurgueia inoculated with strains UFLA 3-155, UFLA 3-164, UFLA 3-84 (BR 3302), INPA 3-11B and BR 3267 in Medium Texture Oxisol, with an average temperature of 25 °C. N contents are within the values indicated by Costa et al (2011), and are higher than those found by Anele et al (2011).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Symbiotic Efficiency of Rhizobia Strains With Cowpea in Southern Maranhão

et al. 2016

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the symbiotic efficiency of three novel nitrogenfixing bacterial strains with cowpea cv. BRS Guariba as forage. Two experiments were carried out in the field in Balsas and São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, MA, in a randomized block design with seven treatments and four replications: three novel strains efficient in symbiotic nitrogen fixation with cowpea (UFLA 3-153, UFLA 3-154 and UFLA 3-164), two strains already approved as inoculants by MAPA (UFLA 3-84/SEMIA 6461 and INPA 3-11B/SEMIA 6462), and two controls without inoculation, with and without mineral N. Symbiotic efficiency of strains was determined by the number of nodules, nodules dry matter, shoot dry matter, relative efficiency, crude protein content and shoot N content. Strains UFLA 3-154 and UFLA 3-164 were the most efficient in Balsas, whereas UFLA 3-153 and UFLA 3-164 were the most efficient in São Raimundo das Mangabeiras. Strains UFLA 3-153, UFLA 3-154 and UFLA 3-164 were more efficient in symbiotic nitrogen fixation with cowpea than the strains already approved as inoculants UFLA 3-84 and INPA 3-11B in the climatic and edaphic conditions of southern Maranhão. UFLA 3-164 is the most efficient strain in this region.Keywords: Vigna unguiculata. Biological nitrogen fixation. Diazotrofic bacteria. Forage. EFICIÊNCIA SIMBIÓTICA DE ESTIRPES DE RIZÓBIO EM FEIJÃO-CAUPI NO SUL DO MARANHÃORESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência simbiótica de três novas estirpes de bactérias fixadoras de N2 em feijão-caupi cv. BRS Guariba como forrageira. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos em campo, em Balsas e São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, MA, em delineamento em blocos casualizados com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo: três novas estirpes eficientes em feijão-caupi (UFLA 3-153, UFLA 3-154 e UFLA 3-164), duas estirpes já aprovadas como inoculantes pelo MAPA (UFLA 3-84/SEMIA 6461 e INPA 3-11B/SEMIA 6462) e dois controles sem inoculação, com e sem N mineral. A eficiência simbiótica das estirpes foi determinada pelo número e massa seca de nódulos, produção de matéria seca da parte aérea, eficiência relativa, teor e acúmulo de proteína bruta e nitrogênio na parte aérea. As estirpes UFLA 03-154 e UFLA 3-164 destacaram-se na eficiência simbiótica de N 2 em Balsas e a UFLA 3-153 e UFLA 3-164 em São Raimundo das Mangabeiras. As estirpes UFLA 3-153, UFLA 3-154 e UFLA 3-164 são mais eficientes em fixar nitrogênio do que as estirpes aprovadas como inoculantes UFLA 3-84 e INPA 3-11B nas condições edafoclimáticas do sul do Maranhão. A UFLA 3-164 é a estirpe mais eficiente em fixar nitrogênio na região estudada.Palavras-chave: Vigna unguiculata. Fixação biológica de nitrogênio. Bactérias diazotróficas. Forragem.

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Chemical characterization, in vitro dry matter and ruminal crude protein degradability and microbial protein synthesis of some cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) haulm varieties

Cited by 33 publications

References 10 publications

Chemical composition, rumen degradability and crude protein fractionation of some commercial and improved cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) haulm varieties

Chemical composition, rumen degradability and crude protein fractionation of some commercial and improved cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) haulm varieties

Cowpea and Groundnut Haulms Fodder Trading and Its Lessons for Multidimensional Cowpea Improvement for Mixed Crop Livestock Systems in West Africa

Symbiotic Efficiency of Rhizobia Strains With Cowpea in Southern Maranhão

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