Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of
Essential Oil of <i>Cymbopogon winterianus</i> Jowitt (Citronella) from Western
Nepal

Shrestha, Dipesh; Sharma, Prabha; Pandey, Anisha; Dhakal, Kamal; Baral, Ram Prasad; Adhikari, Achyut

doi:10.2174/2211550111666220405133558

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The ideal moisture content range for a standard moist bread during a one-day storage period is typically between 35% and 45% [ 7 ]. According to Figure 3 , the moisture content of all bread samples was between 35.007 ± 0.611% and 35.87 ± 0.232%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of moisture in bread is a crucial element that adds moisture and lubrication to the bread. When the moisture is too low, it decreases the firming and the bread becomes hard [ 7 ]. On day 8, the moisture content of the bread incorporated with Java Citronella powder was higher compared to the control bread; this can be explained by the increased capacity to retain moisture due to the incorporation of Java Citronella powder.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The growth of microbes in food cannot be solely explained by the moisture content [26]. The loss of moisture may transpire through evaporation both during the baking process and throughout the storage period [7]. The ideal moisture content range for a standard moist bread during a one-day storage period is typically between 35% and 45% [7].…”

Section: Bread Moisture Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, normal bread may lack certain nutritional components, including antioxidants. Incorporating functional ingredients that are rich in antioxidants is a new method of enriching the bread with antioxidants substances [ 7 ]. Protecting bread from insects and deterioration has become one of the most important interests of food industries and the global market [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cymbopogon winterianus (Java Citronella Plant): A Multi-Faceted Approach for Food Preservation, Insecticidal Effects, and Bread Application

Rammal,

Badran,

Haidar

et al. 2024

Foods

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Certain plants like Rosemarinus officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia and Origanum vulgare have been used in the food industry for centuries. Cymbopogon winterianus (Java Citronella plant) is one of the most significant plants. The objective of this study is to screen for secondary metabolites by phytochemical screening, evaluate the antioxidant contents of extracts and investigate the use of the Java Citronella plant in food preservation and as an insecticide. Java Citronella powder was added to bread and evaluated for its moisture content, and a visual and sensory analysis was performed. Sitophilus granarius (L.) weevils were exposed to Java Citronella essential oil (JCEO). The phytochemical screening revealed that the extracts were abundant in secondary metabolites. The JCEO had a yield of 0.75%. The aqueous extract had a higher total phenolic content of 49.043 ± 0.217 mg GAE/g than the ethanolic extract, which was 24.478 ± 1.956 mg GAE/g. The aqueous extract had a total flavonoids content 27,725.25 ± 54.96 µg RE/g higher than the ethanolic extract, with 24,263 ± 74 µg RE/g. The ethanolic extract had stronger antioxidant activity, with anIC50 = 196.116 μg/mL higher than the aqueous extract at 420 μg/mL. The 2% Java Citronella powder in the bread was preferred by consumers, and had a shelf life of 6 days. JCEO killed all the weevils with a high dose of 10% after 48 h. The Java Citronella showed insecticidal and food preservative activity. The results should help in future research to enhance the applications of Java Citronella in various domains, from food technology to insecticides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bread Moisture Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cymbopogon winterianus (Java Citronella Plant): A Multi-Faceted Approach for Food Preservation, Insecticidal Effects, and Bread Application

Rammal,

Badran,

Haidar

et al. 2024

Foods

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Antifungal efficacy and phytochemical characterization of citronella ( Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor) essential oil against fungal pathogens causing severe diseases in Mentha arvensis L.

Maurya,

Yadav,

Sharma

et al. 2024

Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants

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The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract in roots, stems, and leaves of three commercial Cymbopogon species

Wahyuni,

Kharisma,

Murtadlo

et al. 2024

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background Cymbopogon is a member of the family Poaceae and has been explored for its phytochemicals and bioactivities. Although the antimicrobial activities of Cymbopogon spp. extracts have been extensively studied, comprehensive analyses are required to identify promising compounds for the treatment of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, this study investigated the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Cymbopogon spp. ethanolic extracts in every single organ. Methods Ethanolic extracts were obtained from three Indonesian commercial species of Cymbopogon spp., namely Cymbopogon citratus (L.) Rendle, Cymbopogon nardus (DC.) Spatf., and Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt. The leaf, stem, and root extracts were evaluated via metabolite profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In silico and in vitro analyses were used to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the Cymbopogon spp. ethanolic extracts. In addition, bioactivity was measured using cytotoxicity assays. Antioxidant assays were performed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) to determine toxicity to Huh7it-1 cells using a tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of these extracts was evaluated against Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli using a well diffusion assay. Results GC–MS analysis revealed 53 metabolites. Of these, 2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)- phenol (27.87%), alpha-cadinol (26.76%), and 1,2-dimethoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-benzene (20.56%) were the predominant compounds. C. winterianus and C. nardus leaves exhibited the highest antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS, respectively. Contrastingly, the MTT assay showed low cytotoxicity. C. nardus leaf extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, whereas C. winterianus stem extract showed the highest activity against B. substilis. Furthermore, computational pathway analysis predicted that antimicrobial activity mechanisms were related to antioxidant activity. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that the leaves had strong antioxidant activity, whereas both the leaves and stems showed great antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, all Cymbopogon spp. ethanolic extracts showed low toxicity. These findings provide a foundation for future studies that assess the clinical safety of Cymbopogon spp. as novel drug candidates.

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Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (Citronella) from Western Nepal

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Cymbopogon winterianus (Java Citronella Plant): A Multi-Faceted Approach for Food Preservation, Insecticidal Effects, and Bread Application

Cymbopogon winterianus (Java Citronella Plant): A Multi-Faceted Approach for Food Preservation, Insecticidal Effects, and Bread Application

Antifungal efficacy and phytochemical characterization of citronella ( Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor) essential oil against fungal pathogens causing severe diseases in Mentha arvensis L.

The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract in roots, stems, and leaves of three commercial Cymbopogon species

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