Chemical characterization and toxicologic evaluation of airborne mixtures. Tumorigenicity studies of Diesel Fuel-2, Red Smoke Dye and Violet Smoke Dyes in the SENCAR Mouse Skin Tumorigenesis Bioassay System

Slaga, Thomas J.; Triplett, L. L.; Fry, Robyn

doi:10.2172/5225817

1985

DOI: 10.2172/5225817

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Chemical characterization and toxicologic evaluation of airborne mixtures. Tumorigenicity studies of Diesel Fuel-2, Red Smoke Dye and Violet Smoke Dyes in the SENCAR Mouse Skin Tumorigenesis Bioassay System

Thomas J. Slaga¹,

L. L. Triplett²,

Robyn Fry³

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2007

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Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Orange, Red, Violet and Yellow Pyrotechnic Smokes In Vitro

Hemmilä

Hihkiö

Linnainmaa

2007

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The acute toxicity and the genotoxicity of four colored smokes were studied by an in vitro method based on the exposure of human bronchial epithelial cell cultures to the smokes. All smoke formulations consisted of the oxidizer fuel mixture (potassium chlorate/lactose), talcum and the following dyes: 1,4‐dihydroxy anthraquinone (orange), 1‐(p‐tolylamino)‐4‐hydroxy anthraquinone (violet), 1‐methylamino anthraquinone (red) and 4,4′‐methylidyne‐bis‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐5‐one (yellow). The experiments were carried out in a laboratory scale chamber and in a large container. The toxicity was compared to that of hexachloroethane (HC)‐based reference smoke with known toxicity. All the colored smokes displayed acute toxicity. The order of toxicity in the laboratory scale tests was orange>violet≈red>HC>yellow and in the container tests orange>violet≈yellow>red. The orange smoke appeared genotoxic in all the tests. With the yellow and the violet smokes, the genotoxicity could not be totally excluded. The red smoke showed evidence of weak genotoxicity only in one test series at the highest concentration level.

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Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Orange, Red, Violet and Yellow Pyrotechnic Smokes In Vitro

Hemmilä

Hihkiö

Linnainmaa

2007

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Chemical characterization and toxicologic evaluation of airborne mixtures. Tumorigenicity studies of Diesel Fuel-2, Red Smoke Dye and Violet Smoke Dyes in the SENCAR Mouse Skin Tumorigenesis Bioassay System

Cited by 1 publication

References 4 publications

Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Orange, Red, Violet and Yellow Pyrotechnic Smokes In Vitro

Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Orange, Red, Violet and Yellow Pyrotechnic Smokes In Vitro

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