Chemical characterization and biological activity of six different extracts of propolis through conventional methods and supercritical extraction

Devequi-Nunes, Danielle; Machado, Bruna Aparecida Souza; Barreto, Gabriele de Abreu; Silva, Jéssica Rebouças; Silva, Danielle Figuerêdo da; Rocha, João; Brandão, Hugo Neves; Borges, Valéria M.; Umsza-Guez, Marcelo Andrés

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0207676

Cited by 110 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…The brown propolis ethanolic extract, which had a lower total phenolic compound and flavonoid content, showed less inhibitory activity compared to that of the red and green propolis extracts. This correlation was also observed for the antibacterial activity of green, red, and brown propolis ethanolic extracts obtained from Bahia, Brazil (31). The antifungal properties of Brazilian propolis type 3 and 13 are attributed to their flavonoid content (17).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The inhibition-related results for each propolis extract can be correlated with total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. The phenolic and flavonoid compounds of propolis are considered important for their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities (31,62). The brown propolis ethanolic extract, which had a lower total phenolic compound and flavonoid content, showed less inhibitory activity compared to that of the red and green propolis extracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main compounds isolated from propolis include aliphatic acids and esters, aldehydes and aromatic esters, sugars, alcohols, fatty acids, amino acids, steroids, ketones, chalcones, flavonoids, terpenes, lignans, polyphenols, proteins, vitamins, and minerals (3,4,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). The biological and pharmacological activities of propolis and its ability to function as an antifungal (17)(18)(19)(20)(21), antimicrobial (12,15,22,23), healing (24), analgesic (25), immunomodulatory (26), antiviral (27), anti-inflammatory (14), hepatoprotective (28), antiulcerogenic (29), antiparasitic (30,31), anticarcinogenic (11,12,30), and antioxidant (9,10,13,30,31) agent depends on its unique chemical composition. The most common technique for obtaining propolis extract is ethanolic extraction via maceration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis Clinical Isolates to Allopathic Antifungals and Brazilian Red, Green, and Brown Propolis Extracts

et al. 2019

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Clinical mycoses treatment is associated with issues such as negative side effects, high cost, prolonged treatment, and resistant strain selection. Malassezia pachydermatis is the most frequently isolated yeast in cases of canine otitis and dermatitis. The number of fungal strains exhibiting primary resistance to several drugs in vitro is increasing. Propolis has a diverse chemical composition and well-known therapeutic properties against mycoses. An alternative method for producing propolis extracts using supercritical fluid has higher selectivity, yielding extracts with fewer pollutant residues. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility profile of M. pachydermatis clinical isolates to precharacterized supercritical and ethanolic extracts. Three types of Brazilian propolis extracts (green, red, and brown) and commercial allopathic antifungals were used in this investigation. We used the microdilution broth technique to evaluate the susceptibility profile of the yeasts. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the brown propolis ethanolic extract was ≥16 µg/mL for all isolates. The MICs of fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B ranged from 8 to >64 µg/mL, 0.032-4 µg/mL, 0.0313-16 µg/mL, and 1-2 µg/mL, respectively. The MICs of ethanolic red propolis extracts were lower than those of supercritical red propolis extracts. However, the green propolis ethanolic extract had more pronounced fungicidal activity. Isolates with lower susceptibility to commercial fungicides were inhibited by red and green propolis extracts. These results indicate that propolis can potentially be used in in vivo experiments as a promising therapeutic agent against M. pachydermatis infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis Clinical Isolates to Allopathic Antifungals and Brazilian Red, Green, and Brown Propolis Extracts

et al. 2019

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“…Propolis (bee glue) is a generic name for the resinous substance collected by honey bees (Apis mellifera) from various plant sources (substances exuded from wounds in plants, lipophilic materials on leaves and leaf buds, gums, resins, and lattices) and mixing salivary enzymes (β-glucosidase) that it is used to seal holes in the honeycombs and smooth out the internal walls [1,2]. More than 420 different compounds have been characterized so far in propolis, giving it diverse pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial, antioxidative, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiparasitic, and antiviral activities [2,3]. Moreover, it is intensively used in the food industry as a supplement and as a folk medicine and by the cosmetic industry [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Content of Nutritional and Toxic Value in Different Types of Brazilian Propolis

Hodel

Machado

Santos

et al. 2020

The Scientific World Journal

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Brazilian raw propolis samples (brown, green, red, and yellow) were investigated to evaluate the content of three elements of nutritional value (Cu, K, and Se) and three toxic metals (As, Cd, and Pb). The propolis samples (n = 19) were obtained from different regions of Brazil and analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry after microwave-assisted digestion. A descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out, and nonparametric tests (Kruskal–Wallis or Mann–Whitney) were performed to verify the differences in metal contents. The elemental concentrations of the Brazilian propolis were in the following ranges: As < 0.048–8.47 μg·g−1, Pb < 0.006–0.72 μg·g−1, Cu 0.57–11.60 μg·g−1, Se < 0.041–0.54 μg·g−1, and K 0.23–7.94 mg·g−1; Cd was below LOD (0.008 μg·g−1) in all samples, except one. Seven samples exceeded the limits defined for As or Pb by the Brazilian regulation.

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“…Plant extracts as a mixture of many chemical compounds may possess more interesting biological activities due to their components (among others aromatic plant pigments) can interact one with another and show antioxidant effect in depending on the extraction techniques i.e. using solvents with various polarity, microwave-assisted or ultrasonic-assisted extractions [22], non-thermal high hydrostatic pressure extraction [24] and supercritical extraction [25,26]. It is considered that obtaining plant extracts using fast and appropriate techniques is a low-cost method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of in vitro antioxidative activities of crude methanolic extracts of three species of Passiflora from greenhouse using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods

et al. 2019

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Summary Introduction:. It is well documented that many species from Passifloraceae family can provide edible and nutritious fruits while the leaves of cultivated plants are renewable and waste material. This biomass may be further used in various sectors, especially as a bioactive food additive and as source of innovative pharmaceuticals, cosmetics or feed additives. The biomaterials and green chemistry are new sectors bioeconomy according to the high-level horizontal strategies and bio-based industries in Europe. In recent years, attention has been paid to the biological activity and phytochemical profiles of extracts from different species of Passiflora. However, there is little comparative studies using the same procedures and techniques in the same laboratory conditions for study of plant material obtained from the similar greenhouse conditions. Objective: This study was focused on the examination of antioxidative activities of low concentrations of crude extracts from leaves of Passiflora incarnata L., Passiflora caerulea L., and Passiflora alata Curtis. Methods: The activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. Results of study were supported by estimation of chemical composition with secondary metabolites profiling in extracts which were carried out previously for the same extracts from three Passiflora species. One-way ANOVA analysis revealed significant differences in the antioxidant activity of various concentrations of the extracts using the DPPH and ABTS radical models, and FRAP method. Results: Measurement of antioxidant capacity (expressed as trolox equivalent, TE) showed that the most active was extract of P. caerulea > P. alata > P. incarnata. Phytochemical analysis for extracts of P. caerulea and P. incarnata showed greater similarities in metabolites content than P. alata. However, comparative statistical analysis of antioxidant activity showed that despite this phytochemical similarities, extract from P. alata leaves had higher activities than extract from leaves P. incarnata. Antioxidant effect of extract from P. alata can be explain by terpenoids presented in this extract. In this work, there have been discussed activities against Acanthamoeba castellanii strain, antibacterial and antifungal activities against selected clinical microorganisms (Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, Micro-sporum gypseum), and anti-leukemic activities tested in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines for this extracts, which have been described in previous authors’ publications. Conclusion: Our current and previous studies showed that the same crude extracts from leaves of P. alata, P. caerulea, P. incarnata exerted not only antioxidant potential in vitro but also few interesting properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, amoebostatic, amoebicidal activities, which indicate the possibility of using these extracts in both a healthy diet and natural cosmetics. Leaves of this species may become an interesting source of biomaterials which can exert health-promoting effects.

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Chemical characterization and biological activity of six different extracts of propolis through conventional methods and supercritical extraction

Cited by 110 publications

References 91 publications

Susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis Clinical Isolates to Allopathic Antifungals and Brazilian Red, Green, and Brown Propolis Extracts

Susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis Clinical Isolates to Allopathic Antifungals and Brazilian Red, Green, and Brown Propolis Extracts

Metal Content of Nutritional and Toxic Value in Different Types of Brazilian Propolis

Comparison of in vitro antioxidative activities of crude methanolic extracts of three species of Passiflora from greenhouse using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods

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