Chemical characteristics of Groundwater in the Akatsi and Ketu Districts of the Volta Region, Ghana

Tay, CK

doi:10.4314/wajae.v11i1.45731

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in ammonia in relation to distances of water source to cocoa farms. However, with the exceptions of water samples from S4 at a distance 0-15 m and S1 at a distance of 16-30 m which recorded mean ammonia values (3.88 and 1.38 mg/L respectively) above WHO guideline, samples from all the other sites within the various distances from cocoa farms recorded mean ammonia values that were within the WHO guideline value of 0.5 mg/L (Tay 2007). The high concentration of ammonia recorded at S4 and S1 may be as a result of leaching of applied fertilizers and/or run-off at those sites as these wells were in close proximity to cocoa farms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphorus pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa producing areas in Ghana

et al. 2016

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Background: Pests and diseases are recognised as major factors responsible for the decline in cocoa yield in Ghana. This has resulted in an increased use of pesticides to increase productivity. The regular application and indiscriminate use of chemicals have been associated with unintended environmental and human health consequence. The objective of this study was to determine levels of 13 organophosphorus pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources in and around cocoa farms in Brong Ahafo region of Ghana. Methods:Organophosphorus pesticide residues were determined by the use of a high resolution Varian CP-3800 Gas Chromatograph equipped with pulse flame photometric detector (PFPD) in 32 soils and 64 drinking water samples from 16 cocoa farms in the Dormaa West District of Ghana.Results: Four organophosphorus residues were detected in the soil and water samples at varying concentrations. The organophosphorus residues detected in soil samples were chlorpyrifos (0.01-0.04 mg/kg), profenofos (0.02-0.04 mg/kg) and pirimiphos-methyl (0.01-0.04 mg/kg) while the organophosphorus residues recorded in the water samples were chlorpyrifos (0.01-0.05 µg/L), diazinon (0.01-0.04 µg/L) and pirimiphos-methyl (0.01-0.03 µg/L). The concentrations of organophosphorus pesticide residues in the soil samples analysed from the various sites were generally below and within US MRLs for agricultural soils. However, mean concentrations of chlorpyrifos and pirimiphos-methyl recorded at Nkrankwanta (S1) were found to be above their respective US MRLs for agricultural soils. The trends of organophosphorus pesticide residues in the water samples analysed from the various distances to cocoa farms decreased with increase in distance to cocoa farm (ranking; 0-15 > 16-30 > above 30 m). All organophosphorus pesticide residues recorded in the water samples from the various sites within the various distances were below and within their respective WHO MRLs for drinking water except chlorpyrifos at Diabaa (S2) and Kwakuanya (S4) at distance 16-30 m and diazinon at Kwakuanya (S4) at a distance 0-15 m which exceeded their WHO MRLs. There were no significant (p > 0.05) sites differences in mean values of pesticide residues detected in soils and water samples. Conclusions:The presence of organophosphorus in the samples analysed was an indication of the use of the pesticides by cocoa farmers in the study area to control pest and diseases. The pesticide residues in the soil poses danger to soil organisms as well as contaminate surrounding water bodies through runoff and leaching. In addition, there is the likelihood of translocation of these residues from the soil into the cocoa beans and other crops (like vegetables that are commonly intercropped with cocoa) through the root system, thereby posing health risks to consumers. Chlorpyrifos and diazinon concentrations in drinking water exceeded their respective WHO MRLs at some sampled sites and may pose health hazard to farmers' household and the communities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphorus pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa producing areas in Ghana

et al. 2016

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“…TDS is a common indicator of polluted waters (Tay 2007). The mean levels of TDS measured in the samples were 196.60 ± 11.36 mg/L for the raw water, 199.22 ± 14.74 mg/L, for the settled water, 198.54 ± 12.54 mg/L for the filtered water, 201.26 ± 14.33 mg/L for the treated water and 202.03 ± 8.62 mg/L for the distributed water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in water quality in the Owabi water treatment plant in Ghana

et al. 2014

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The study was conducted on the status of the quality of water from the Owabi water treatment plant that supplies drinking water to Kumasi, a major city in Ghana, to ascertain the change in quality of water from source to point-of-use. Physico-chemical, bacteriological water quality parameters and trace metal concentration of water samples from five different treatment points from the Owabi water treatment plant were investigated. The raw water was moderately hard with high turbidity and colour that exceeds the WHO guideline limits. Nutrient concentrations were of the following order: NH 3 \ NO 2 -\ -NO 3 -\ PO 4 3-\ SO 4 2-and were all below WHO permissible level for drinking water in all the samples at different stages of treatment. Trace metal concentrations of the reservoir were all below WHO limit except chromium (0.06 mg/L) and copper (0.24 mg/L). The bacteriological study showed that the raw water had total coliform (1,766 cfu/100 mL) and faecal coliform (257 cfu/100 mL) that exceeded the WHO standard limits, rendering it unsafe for domestic purposes without treatment. Colour showed strong positive correlation with turbidity (r = 0.730), TSS (r C 0.922) and alkalinity (0.564) significant at p \ 0.01. The quality of the treated water indicates that colour, turbidity, Cr and Cu levels reduced and fall within the WHO permissible limit for drinking water. Treatment process at the water treatment plant is adjudged to be good.

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“…According to Tay (2007), total dissolved solids can be used as a common indicator for water pollution. The mean total dissolved solids (TDS) for the various distances ranged from 46.3 mg/L to 65.5 mg/L with a mean of 58.7±7.61 mg/L.…”

Section: Physico-chemical Properties Of Water Samples From the Study mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Pyrethroids Pesticide Residues in Soils and Drinking Water Sources from Cocoa Farms in Ghana

Fosu-Mensah

Okoffo

Mensah

2016

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The contamination of pesticides in 32 soils and 64 drinking water samples was investigated from cocoa farms in the Dormaa West District of Ghana to assess pollution status. A total of nine synthetic pyrethroids pesticides were measured with a high resolution Varian CP-3800 Gas Chromatograph equipped with 63 Ni electron capture detector (ECD). Eight synthetic pyrethroid residues namely fenvalerate, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, bifenthrin, permethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, allethrin and cyfluthrin were detected with lambda-cyhalothrin and allethrin occurring most frequently in soil and water respectively. The concentrations of synthetic pyrethroids residues in the soil samples were in the ranges of; 0.02-0.03 mg/kg for lambda-cyhalothrin, 0.010-0.02 mg/kg for allethrin, 0.010-0.04 mg/kg for cyfluthrin, <0.01-0.04 mg/kg for cypermethrin, 0.02-0.06 mg/kg for deltamethrin, and <0.01-0.03 mg/kg for bifenthrin. Similarly, the synthetic pyrethroids residues in the water samples were in the ranges of; 0.01-0.05 µg/L for allethrin, 0.01-0.04 µg/L for fenvalerate, 0.01-0.04 µg/L for cypermethrin and 0.01-0.05 µg/L for deltamethrin. The concentrations of synthetic pyrethroids pesticide residues recorded in the soil samples analysed were generally below and within their respective US MRLs for agricultural soils, except the mean concentration values recorded for pesticides such as lambda-cyhalothrin at Diabaa (S2) and Krakrom (S3), allethrin at Diabaa (S2) and deltamethrin at Kwakuanya (S4), which were above their respective US MRLs for agricultural soils. The trends of synthetic pyrethroids pesticide residues in the water samples analysed from the various distances to cocoa farms decreased with an increase of water source to cocoa farm (ranking; 0-15m>16-30m>above 30m). All synthetic pyrethroids pesticide residues recorded in the water samples were below and within their respective WHO MRLs for drinking water except for deltamethrin, which exceeded the WHO MRL at Kwakuanya (S4) at distance 0-15m from a cocoa farm. The presence of synthetic pyrethroids residues in the soil and water samples analysed is an indication of the use of the pesticide by cocoa farmers in the study area. The routine monitoring of pesticide residues in the study area is necessary for the control and reduction of environmental pollution.

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Chemical characteristics of Groundwater in the Akatsi and Ketu Districts of the Volta Region, Ghana

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Organophosphorus pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa producing areas in Ghana

Organophosphorus pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa producing areas in Ghana

Changes in water quality in the Owabi water treatment plant in Ghana

Synthetic Pyrethroids Pesticide Residues in Soils and Drinking Water Sources from Cocoa Farms in Ghana

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