Chemical characteristics of aerosols transported from Asia to the East China Sea: an evaluation of anthropogenic combined nitrogen deposition in autumn

Nakamura, Takaya; Matsumoto, Kiyoshi; Uematsu, Mitsuo

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.11.037

Cited by 72 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies have also indicated that DSs not only deliver large amounts of crustal elements, but also carry significant quantities of anthropogenic air pollutants over long distance, even as far as North America, leading to changes in the aerosol chemical composition of DSs measured over long distances (Arimoto et al, 1996;Guo et al, 2004a;Sun et al, 2005). Many studies have been conducted on the characteristics of chemical constituents in the Asian dust aerosols Kim et al, 2003;Han et al, 2004;Nakamura et al, 2005;Xia et al, 2005;Dillner et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2006;Park et al, 2007;Duvall et al, 2008;Shen et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mineral dust particles affect the energy balance of the Earth, both directly by scattering and absorbing light, and indirectly by altering cloud microphysical properties, and hence climate (Duce, 1995;Schwartz, 1996;Satheesh and Moorthy, 2005). It has been postulated that DSs over parts of China and Mongolia reach Korea, Japan, and even places as far as Hawaii and California (Braaten and Cahill, 1986;Husar et al, 2001;Kim et al, 2001;Uno et al, 2001;Jaffe et al, 2003;Ma et al, 2004;Nakamura et al, 2005;Heald et al, 2006;Roberts et al, 2006;Park et al, 2007). Previous studies have also indicated that DSs not only deliver large amounts of crustal elements, but also carry significant quantities of anthropogenic air pollutants over long distance, even as far as North America, leading to changes in the aerosol chemical composition of DSs measured over long distances (Arimoto et al, 1996;Guo et al, 2004a;Sun et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization of Organic Aerosol Particles Observed during Asian Dust Events in Spring 2010

Park

Cho

2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Between 20 March and 4 April, 2010, 24-hr PM 2.5 measurements were carried out at an urban site in Gwangju, Korea, to examine the variations in the composition of its chemical constituents among dust storm (DS) events, haze pollution, and typical sampling (TS) conditions. A very heavy Asian DS (DS1) and a minor DS (DS2) occurred at the site on 20 and 23 March, 2010, respectively.The concentrations of organic matter, NO 3 -, SO 4 2-, and the predicted crustal material made a contribution to the observed PM 2.5 of 12.9, 9.7, 12.9, and 36.9% for DS1, 23.8, 17.1, 9.9, and 29.7% for DS2, and 24.9, 20.2, 10.3, and 17.6% for the haze event, respectively. Over the study period, the water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC)/OC and hydrophilic WSOC (WSOC HPI )/WSOC ratios ranged from 0.35 to 0.54 and from 0.15 to 0.61, respectively, with the highest ratios occurring during DS1. The concentration of WSOC HPI during DS1 was about 2-3 times higher than that during the TS period. The strong correlation between WSOC/OC and WSOC HPI /WSOC (R 2 = 0.84) clearly indicates that the increase in the WSOC/OC ratio can be attributed to the increased concentration of WSOC HPI , suggesting that the aerosol sample collected during DS1 was more aged or atmospherically processed than the samples collected during the TS. In addition to the association between the WSOC/OC and WSOC HPI /WSOC ratios, strong correlations between the oxalate and SO 4 2-concentrations (R 2 = 0.74), and between the WSOC HPI and SO 4 2-concentrations (R 2 = 0.69), suggest that the WSOC HPI observed at the site was produced by atmospheric transformation processes similar to those seen with SO 4 2-and oxalate. In contrast, the hydrophobic WSOC (WSOC HPO ) concentration dominated in the other sampling periods, except for DS1, and accounted for 71.1-84.7% of WSOC. Based on the results of previous studies, the higher WSOC HPO /WSOC ratio during the TS indicates that the primary combustion emissions were important sources of the WSOC HPO fraction at this site.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Organic Aerosol Particles Observed during Asian Dust Events in Spring 2010

Park

Cho

2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We adopt a riverine input of inorganic nitrogen (nitrate + ammonium) of 275 Gg N in summer in combination with the concentration values in the freshwater discharge ([NO 3 − ] = 32.9 μM and [NH 4 + ] = 14.6 μM; Zhang 1996). Ammonium and nitrate are the most dominant species in the atmospheric deposition with an estimated total (nitrate + ammonium) flux of 430 Gg N in the whole ECS (Nakamura et al 2005). As model results show negligible seasonal variations for atmospheric inorganic nitrogen deposition (Uno et al 2007), we adopt a summertime atmospheric deposition total N flux of 75 Gg to the ECS continental shelf.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such values fell in the range of previous estimates (0.2 to 6%) for the Kuroshio-influenced water in the ECS (Marumo & Asaoka 1974, Saino & Hattori 1980, Chang et al 2000, or the upstream Kuroshio (20° N) and the adjacent South China Sea basin (Chen et al 2008). The major fixed N supplies to the ECS continental shelf include biological N 2 fixation, Changjiang riverine input, upwelling of Kuroshio subsurface water, and atmospheric (dry and wet) deposition (Zhang 1996, Chen & Wang 1999, Nakamura et al 2005, Uno et al 2007). However, no study has ever compared the relative importance of these sources, and such comparison will undoubtedly improve our basic understanding of the biogeochemical cycle in the ECS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen fixation in the East China Sea and southern Yellow Sea during summer 2006

Zhang¹,

Chen

Cao³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrogen fixation in the subtropical East China Sea (ECS) and the southern Yellow Sea (YS) were measured using 15 N 2 tracer assay during June and July 2006. Depth-integrated nitrogen fixation (2 to 221 μmol N m −2 d −1 ) was highest in the oceanic main path of the Kuroshio Current in the northeastern ECS, and in the mesohaline (surface salinity 30 to 34) stations. Very little N 2 fixation was encountered in the low-salinity (surface salinity < 30) area, and we suggest that N 2 fixation was hindered by the nutrient conditions (lack of 'excess' phosphate relative to nitrate, xsPO 4 = [PO 4 ] − [NO 3 ]/16) near the Changjiang (Yangtze River) mouth. In the mesohaline waters, N 2 fixation was positively correlated with the vertical density (σ t ) gradient in the upper water column (30 m), indicating that N 2 fixation can also be controlled by physical regime, and enhanced water column stratification may promote N 2 fixation during summer. N 2 fixation met 0.01 to 4.6% of nitrogen demand by primary production, suggesting that N 2 fixation was not a major contributor to primary production in the study area. Estimated new N flux by N 2 fixation to the ECS continental shelf (13 Gg N) during summer is at the same order of magnitude as atmospheric deposition, but much lower than either the Kuroshio subsurface water upwelling or the Changjiang riverine input.

show abstract

“…In addition, the increasing anthropogenic emissions in East Asia may also contribute to this discrepancy (Galloway et al, 2004), as the sampling campaign by Kang et al (2010) was conducted a decade ago. However, the fluxes of NO − 3 for both deposition modes were similar, which can be attributed to the effective dry scavenging of NO − 3 associated with coarse mode aerosols (Nakamura et al, 2005;Matsumoto et al, 2009). In general, atmospheric depositional fluxes of reactive nitrogen are higher in the coastal areas of East Asia (including the western coast of the EJS) than at other coastal locations around the world (Table 4).…”

Section: Annual Depositional Fluxes Of Tdn At Uljin and Over The Ejsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and fluxes of organic nitrogen in precipitation over the southern East Sea/Sea of Japan

Yan

Kim

2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We measured total dissolved reactive nitrogen in precipitation samples collected at Uljin, a Korean coastal site upwind of the southern East Sea/Sea of Japan (EJS), selected as a representative study site of atmospheric deposition over the northwestern Pacific margin. NO − 3 was found to be the most abundant nitrogen species, followed by NH + 4 and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). Air-mass back-trajectory (AMBT) analysis revealed that a significant fraction of the inorganic nitrogen (NO − 3 and NH + 4 ) originated from mainland Asia, whereas the DON was primarily derived from Korea. Using varimax-rotated factor analysis in combination with major ions as tracers, agricultural activities in Korea were identified as the primary sources of DON in these samples. In addition, a positive correlation was found at Uljin between the size of organic fraction in total reactive nitrogen and nitrogen to carbon atomic ratio in organic matter. This correlation has also been observed at other locations worldwide, implying the utilization potential of atmospheric organic nitrogen might increase with its proportion in total nitrogen. Combining wet deposition measurements in this study with literature values for dry deposition observed at a remote island in the EJS, the total atmospheric depositional flux of reactive nitrogen was estimated to be 115 mmol N m −2 yr −1 over the southern EJS. Our study sheds new light on the potentially significant contribution to primary productivity of the northwestern Pacific Ocean by atmospheric deposition of nitrogen, especially the organic fraction.

show abstract

Chemical characteristics of aerosols transported from Asia to the East China Sea: an evaluation of anthropogenic combined nitrogen deposition in autumn

Cited by 72 publications

References 39 publications

Characterization of Organic Aerosol Particles Observed during Asian Dust Events in Spring 2010

Characterization of Organic Aerosol Particles Observed during Asian Dust Events in Spring 2010

Nitrogen fixation in the East China Sea and southern Yellow Sea during summer 2006

Sources and fluxes of organic nitrogen in precipitation over the southern East Sea/Sea of Japan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About