Chemical Bonding Approach for Fabrication of Hybrid Magnetic Metal–Organic Framework-5: High Efficient Adsorbents for Magnetic Enrichment of Trace Analytes

Abstract

A facile and efficient strategy about the synthesis of a novel kind of hybrid magnetic metal-organic framework (MOF)-5 via chemical bonding assembly was reported. The covalent bonding established between the amino functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the surface of the metal organic framework improved the chemical stability and structure uniformity of the hybrid microcrystals. Combination of MOF-5 with Fe3O4 nanoparticles allows for facile withdrawal of the porous materials by magnetic decantation. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the hybrid magnetic MOF-5 showed the structure of the metal organic framework was not disturbed with the decoration of magnetic nanoparticles. The as-synthesized materials combine the favorable attributes of both magnetic characteristics of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and high porosity of metal organic framework, making them excellent candidates as adsorbents for magnetic enrichment of trace analytes. Their potential applications were explored by preconcentrating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gibberellic acids from environmental, food, and plant samples prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), respectively. The results showed that the magnetic MOF-5 exhibited superior enrichment capacity for both of these nonpolar and polar analytes. The method demonstrated good precision (relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.7-9.7%), low detection limits (0.91-1.96 ng·L(-1) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 0.006-0.08 μg L(-1) for gibberellic acid), and good linearity (correlation coefficients higher than 0.9949). The RSDs of batch-to-batch extraction were 2.9-11.2%. The magnetic MOF-5 was robust enough for repeatable use without damage of extraction performance.

3D metal-organic framework as highly efficient biosensing platform for ultrasensitive and rapid detection of bisphenol A

“…Cui et al, 2009), the high affinity of the MOF-199 to benzene homologues results from the π-π interactions of the aromatic rings of the analytes with the framework 1.3.5-benzenetricarboxylic acid molecules. In another reference (Hu et al, 2013), it reveals the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons allow π-π stacking interaction with the aromatic rings of terephthalic acid molecules in the framework of MOF-5. Based on the previously reported studies and the chemical structure of BPA and Cu-MOF, we suppose there may be π-π stacking interactions between BPA and Cu-MOF.…”

Development of high internal phase emulsion polymeric monoliths for highly efficient enrichment of trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from large-volume water samples

“…Therefore, PAHs have been listed as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) and European Union (EU), and many studies have already been conducted to determine the amount of PAHs in water, food, soil and other samples, and many excellent review papers related to PAHs analysis have been published over the years [27][28][29]. Since PAHs exist in the environment, especially water media in the trace levels (their maximum contaminant levels should not exceed 200 ng/L according to the US-EPA regulations) [30], a sensitive method is desired to preconcentrate these analytes more efficiently prior to detection, and at present several proconcentration methods, including solid phase extraction (SPE), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), solid phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME), have been developed and applied to enrichment of PAHs, especially these listed sixteen PAHs, from water samples [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Of those sample preparation methods, SPE was preferred by many researchers in the extraction and enrichment of trace PAHs.…”

Recent advances in biological detection with magnetic nanoparticles as a useful tool

“…Magnetic separation methods have been extended to the separation and purification of bacteria, cells, virus, biological macromolecules, small molecules, and so on [31][32][33][34].…”