Chemical Behaviour of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash in Monofills

Belevi, Hasan; Stämpfli, Dominique M.; Baccini, Peter

doi:10.1177/0734242x9201000204

Cited by 89 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In A-type bottom ash leachates, Ca is the dominant cation; Ca concentrations increase from about 800 mg/L at pH 12 to about 5000 mg/L at pH 4 ( Figure 1a). Belevi et al (15) have shown that this mineral forms as a result of the hydrolysis of primary CaO in the bottom ash. Belevi et al (15) have shown that this mineral forms as a result of the hydrolysis of primary CaO in the bottom ash.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical Modeling of Weathering Reactions in Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash

Meima

Comans

1997

Environ. Sci. Technol.

248

171

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The leaching of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash has been studied at different stages of natural weathering. Bottom ash samples, originating from a single incinerator, included grate siftings, unquenched, quenched, 6-week-old, 1.5-year-old and 12-year-old bottom ash. Leaching experiments were performed at various pH levels and liquid/solid ratios. The speciation code MINTEQA2 was used to evaluate whether the leachates are in equilibrium with minerals that are expected to form in MSWI bottom ash environments. Three major stages in weathering are identified, each stage having a characteristic pH that is controlled largely by Ca minerals and pCO 2 , but also by soluble Al and SO 4 : (1) unweathered bottom ash, with pH > 12 (grate siftings and unquenched samples); (2) quenched/noncarbonated bottom ash, with pH 10-10.5 (freshly quenched and 6-week-old samples); and (3) carbonated bottom ash with pH 8-8.5 (1.5-and 12-year-old samples). A comparison of the leaching mechanisms identified for these stages of weathering reveals major differences for Ca, Al, Fe, Si, and SO 4 ; for Na, K, and Cl, on the other hand, leaching mechanisms appear largely similar. The effect of weathering on the leaching of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Mo is discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, considerably less attention has been paid to the leaching mechanisms of (naturally) weathered MSWI bottom ash (6). The effect of quenching on MSWI bottom ash mineralogy has not been discussed much either (13,15). In short, there is a lack of systematic geochemical research on MSWI bottom ash at different stages of weathering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Modeling of Weathering Reactions in Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash

Meima

Comans

1997

Environ. Sci. Technol.

248

171

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“…TC in solid residues includes carbonate carbon (CC) and total organic carbon (TOC). TOC is defined as the difference between TC and CC (1)(2)(3). Hence, TOC is the sum of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Municipal Solid Waste Combustion through Organic and Elemental Carbon as Indicators

Rubli

Belevi

Baccini

2003

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The temperature, redox conditions, and residence times of the solid waste on the grate and of the raw gas in the secondary combustion zone determine the mineralization processes of organics in municipal solid waste incinerators. An improved knowledge of the influence of these factors on the incineration process might help to optimize incinerators with regard to mineralization efficiency of organics. This paper presents a method for investigating the influence of process parameters on mineralization of organics to CO2 by using the elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) concentrations in the solid residues as indicators. The results obtained by experiments in full-scale incinerators show that the EC concentration in these residues is a good indicator of oxygen supply, whereas the OC/EC ratio is a good indicator of temperature in and above the furnace bed. Very effective burnout of the bottom ash up to 0.95 g of TOC (EC + OC) per kilogram of dry matter (DM) and of the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) ash up to 0.24 g of TOC per kilogram of DM was achieved in a full-scale incinerator.

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“…Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) reduces the volume of waste by about 90% and the mass by about 70% (Abanades et al, 2002). Bottom ash, which is the residue produced in the major amount is mainly composed of Si, Fe, Ca, Mg, Al, Na and K, in the form of oxides and thus presents a similar composition to that of geological materials (Belevi et al, 1992;Kirby and Rimstidt, 1993). Bottom ash, which is the residue produced in the major amount is mainly composed of Si, Fe, Ca, Mg, Al, Na and K, in the form of oxides and thus presents a similar composition to that of geological materials (Belevi et al, 1992;Kirby and Rimstidt, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of open pit burned household waste ash – a feasibility study in Dhaka

Haque

Sharif

2014

Waste Manag Res

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Informal incineration or open pit burning of waste materials is a common practice in the peripheral area of Dhaka, one of the fastest growing mega-cities in the world. This study deals with the effect of open pit burned (i.e. open burned) household waste bottom ash on ﬁred clay bricks. Between 0 to 50% (by weight) of open pit burned household waste bottom ash was mixed with clay to make bricks. The molded specimens were air-dried at room temperature for 24 h and then oven dried at 100 °C for another 24 h to remove the water. The raw bricks were fired in a muffle furnace to a designated temperature (800, 900 and 1000 °C, respectively). The firing behaviour (mechanical strength, water absorption and shrinkage) was determined. The microstructures, phase compositions and leachates were evaluated for bricks manufactured at different firing temperatures. These results demonstrate that open pit burned ash can be recycled in clay bricks. This study also presents physical observations of the incinerated ash particles and determination of the chemical compositions of the raw materials by wet analysis. Open pit burned ash can be introduced easily into bricks up to 20% wt. The concentrations of hazardous components in the leachates were below the standard threshold for inert waste category landfill and their environmental risk during their use-life step can be considered negligible.

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Chemical Behaviour of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash in Monofills

Cited by 89 publications

References 1 publication

Geochemical Modeling of Weathering Reactions in Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash

Geochemical Modeling of Weathering Reactions in Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash

Optimizing Municipal Solid Waste Combustion through Organic and Elemental Carbon as Indicators

Utilization of open pit burned household waste ash – a feasibility study in Dhaka

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