Chemical attributes of the soil in agroforestry systems subjected to organic fertilizations

Abstract

The reuse of organic byproducts in agroforestry systems is a sustainable proposal, since, in addition to preserving the natural resources, it has allowed the fertilization of the soils, obtaining a reduction of costs with mineral fertilizers. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the chemical attributes of the soil after two years of successive fertilizations using cattle manure and sewage sludge in agroforestry systems. The study was conducted in Goiânia, state of Goiás, Brazil. The experimental design used randomized blocks on a 2 x 4 factorial (cultivation systems and fertilizations), with four repetitions. The cultivation systems were: agroforestry and monoculture systems. The fertilizations used were: cattle manure, sewage sludge, mineral fertilizer and control (no fertilization). Regardless of the cultivation system, the fertilizations with sewage sludge increases the calcium, phosphor and zinc contents of the soil, as well as the pH values, sum of bases and cation exchange capacity, at 0-10cm depth. However, the potassium contents are lower in relation to the use of mineral fertilizers, both at 0 to 10 cm depth and at 0 to 20 cm. Teak plants in agroforestry systems presents similar heights to the monoculture plants, and they are higher on fertilizations with sewage sludge. The soybean grain productivity in the agroforestry system presents similar outputs in relation to the use of sewage sludge and mineral fertilizers. Therefore, it is recommended for farmers to adopt agroforestry systems and the organic fertilization practice with sewage sludge, associating the quality of the chemical attributes of the soil, the growth of forest species and soybean grain yields.

Enriched animal manure as a source of phosphorus in sustainable agriculture

“…The increase in pH observed for all manures is directly related to higher micronutrient availability (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in the soil which is probably transferred from manure to soil. The pH increase in soil incorporated with animal manure has also been shown by Abreu et al (2016) and Damatto Junior et al (2006).…”

“…Slow decomposition of CoM in soil was presented by the study of Azeez and Averbeke (2010) and Silva et al (2014). The increase in organic matter temporally promotes an adsorption of P in soil (Muraishi et al 2011;Maciel et al 2015;Abreu et al 2016), with a lower nutrient loss by run off and leaching while maintaining an optimal condition of pH, soil moisture and soil biological activity (Moreti et al 2007). The increase in pH observed for all manures is directly related to higher micronutrient availability (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in the soil which is probably transferred from manure to soil.…”