Chemical and physicochemical characterization of effluents from the tanning and textile industries in Bangladesh with multivariate statistical approach

Ahsan, Md. Aminul; Satter, Farjana; Siddique, Md. Abu Bakar; Akbor, Md. Ahedul; Ahmed, Shamim; Shajahan,; Khan, Rahat

doi:10.1007/s10661-019-7654-2

Cited by 103 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The analytical data were statistically analyzed using the IBM SPSS statistics software (version 20, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). Descriptive statistics of the parameters were computed to show their average behaviors and dispersions [24]. Multivariate statistical analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed to obtain the elaborate information of the analytical data sets and procure an insight into the metal distribution identifying the Spike recovery (%) = {(Concentration of spike sample − Concentration of unspike sample)∕Amount of spike} * 100 similarities or dissimilarities [24,28] in samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Descriptive statistics of the parameters were computed to show their average behaviors and dispersions [24]. Multivariate statistical analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed to obtain the elaborate information of the analytical data sets and procure an insight into the metal distribution identifying the Spike recovery (%) = {(Concentration of spike sample − Concentration of unspike sample)∕Amount of spike} * 100 similarities or dissimilarities [24,28] in samples. The PCA on the dataset was performed using varimax normalized rotation while the HCA to the standardized matrix was applied using Ward's method [20], and the results are expressed with a dendrogram to represent a system of organized variables in which each group exhibits common characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of metals was performed following our previous reports [24][25][26] and the standard methods described by APHA [27]. The concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu in the SSs and FSs was determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometer (Model: AA240 FS, Varian, Australia) while Cd, Pb, Cr, and Ni concentrations in the samples were analyzed using Zeeman atomic absorption spectrometer (Model: GTA 120-AA240Z, Varian, Australia) equipped with graphite furnace.…”

Section: Instrumental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quality of the analysis was very carefully ensured throughout the study period starting from sample collection to analysis in the laboratory as described elaborately in our previous work [24,25]. Analytical-grade reagents (Scharlau, Spain) such as HNO 3 , HClO 4 , H 2 O 2 , and deionized water (electrical conductivity 0.2 μS cm −1 , resistance 18.2 MΩ cm at 25 °C) were used for sample preparation.…”

Section: Analytical Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in soil and food crops around the ship breaking area in southern Bangladesh and associated health risk assessment

et al. 2020

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Heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils and food crops around the ship breaking area is of great environmental and human health concern. In this work, we have spectroscopically determined the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Cu, and Ni in agricultural soils and commonly consumed vegetables, fruits, and rice grain collected from the Sitakunda ship breaking area of Chittagong, Bangladesh, in order to evaluate their contamination levels and probable human health risk with a multivariate statistical approach. Multivariate analyses such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the analytical data indicate a significant metal contamination in the samples which could be attributed to industrial activities such as ship breaking. The results of soil contamination evaluation indices such as enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index, and contamination factor demonstrated that the soils around the ship breaking area are mainly contaminated by Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu while food crops were mostly contaminated by Zn, Cr, and Cu. The Pb contaminated the olive and teasle gourd while Cd contamination in rice grain was at the threshold limit for health hazard. Mn was slightly accumulated in banana. Transfer coefficient values of Cd, Zn, and Cu for almost all food crops were higher than other metals, and Cd showed the highest transfer. Estimated daily intake values for Ni exceeded the standard limit (1.3 μg kg −1 day −1). Target hazard quotient values of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd indicate that the local inhabitants who consume the contaminated food crops are being exposed to potential health risks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Instrumental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in soil and food crops around the ship breaking area in southern Bangladesh and associated health risk assessment

et al. 2020

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“…According to the results found in this study, the sulfuric acid (H2SO4) industry waste uncontrolled half a century ago were still a source of soil and groundwater pollution and they posture a hazard to human wellbeing. Ahsan et al (2019) studied chemical and physicochemical characterization of effluents from the tanning and textile industries in Bangladesh and found that tanneries and textile dyeing in the study area discharge effluents comprising numerous poisonous contaminants at a noteworthy level. Effluent samples disclosed high concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS), electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) which surpassed the Bangladesh standard limits.…”

Section: Current Status Of Ground and Surface Water Pollution By Iihsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of water pollution by integrated industrial hubs (IIHs) in India

Kumar¹,

Kumar²,

Singh³

2020

Environmental Degradation: Causes and Remediation Strategies

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Integrated industrial hubs (IIHs) are the major cause of water pollution in India. This chapter reveals the issues of industrialization and its causes and consequences to the environment in total and water in particular. Environmental pollution is a worldwide problem, now receiving worldwide attention. The majority of the solid wastes and wastewaters are released into the soil and water bodies. Fundamental contributors of the surface and groundwater contamination are the results of different manufacturing units, for example, textile, metal, dying chemicals, pesticides, cement, petrochemical, fertilizers, energy, sugar processing, construction, leather, steel, engineering, food processing, mining and others. Water and human health are correlated wherein one affects the other, and the magnitude of the problem is such that its solution invites an integrated approach. Thus, proper treatment and disposal of IIH wastewater should be done to mitigate its environmental impacts. Therefore, this book chapter deals with the characteristics and potential effects of integrated industrial hubs (IIHs) on surface and groundwater quality in India. The information provided suggests implementing effective measures to mitigate their wastewater disposal impacts.

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Quantifying Source Apportionment, Co‐occurrence, and Ecotoxicological Risk of Metals from Upstream, Lower Midstream, and Downstream River Segments, Bangladesh

Islam

Hasanuzzaman

Islam

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model was used for the first time to quantify the source contributions to heavy metal pollution of sediment on a national basin scale in the upstream, midstream, and downstream rivers (Teesta and Kortoya-Shitalakkah and Meghna-Rupsha and Pasur) of Bangladesh. The metal contamination status, cooccurrence, and ecotoxicological risk were also investigated. Sediment samples were collected from 30 sites at a depth range of 0 to 20 cm for analysis of 9 metals using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The mean concentrations of metals varied for upstream, lower midstream, and downstream river segments. The results showed that chromium (Cr) exhibited a strong significant co-occurrence network with other metals (e.g., manganese [Mn], iron [Fe], and nickel [Ni]). Monte Carlo simulation results of the geo-accumulation index (Igeo; 63.3%) and risk indices (48.5%) showed that cadmium (Cd) was the main contributor to sediment pollution. However, the cumulative probabilities of sediments being polluted by metals were ranked as "moderate to heavily polluted" (Igeo 46.6%; risk index 16.7%). Toxicity unit results revealed that zinc (Zn) and Cd were the key toxic contributors to sediments. The PMF model predicted metal concentrations and identified 4 potential sources. The agricultural source (factor 1) mostly contributed to copper (Cu; 78.9%) and arsenic (As; 62.8%); Ni (96.9%) and Mn (83.5%) exhibited industrial point sources (factor 2), with 2 hot spots in northwestern and southwestern regions. Cadmium (93.5%) had anthropogenic point sources (factor 3), and Fe (64.3%) and Cr (53.5%) had a mixed source (factor 4). Spatially, similar patterns between PMF apportioning factors and predicted metal sources were identified, showing the efficiency of the model for river systems analysis. The degree of metal contamination in the river segments suggests an alarming condition for biotic components of the ecosystem.

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Chemical and physicochemical characterization of effluents from the tanning and textile industries in Bangladesh with multivariate statistical approach

Cited by 103 publications

References 51 publications

Accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in soil and food crops around the ship breaking area in southern Bangladesh and associated health risk assessment

Accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in soil and food crops around the ship breaking area in southern Bangladesh and associated health risk assessment

Current status of water pollution by integrated industrial hubs (IIHs) in India

Quantifying Source Apportionment, Co‐occurrence, and Ecotoxicological Risk of Metals from Upstream, Lower Midstream, and Downstream River Segments, Bangladesh

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