Chemical and Nutritional Characteristics of Holothuria tubulosa (Gmelin, 1788); A Seasonally Comparative Study

Çanakkale Kıyılarında Dağılım Gösteren Holothuria (Roweothuria) poli (Delle Chiaje, 1823)'nin Besin ve Mineral Kompozisyonlarındaki Mevsimsel Değişimler

“…However, moisture values were also reported lower than our results in several sea cucumber species, such as H. arenicola, Actinopyga mauritiana (Haider et al, 2015), Paracaudina australis (Widianingsih et al, 2016), and Apostichopus japonicus (Lee et al, 2012). Protein content ranged from 7.75% to 10.22%, and these results were similar to those reported other studies (Çaklı et al, 2004;Aydın et al, 2011;Haider et al, 2015;Roggatz et al, 2016;Künili and Çolakoğlu, 2019;Künili, 2022). With respect to the lipid content of the sea cucumber, our results were higher than those of reported values by Aydın et al (2011), Roggatz et al (2016), Widianingsih et al (2016), and Roggatz et al (2018).…”

“…Carbohydrate levels in the autumn and spring samples showed similarity and differed significantly from samples of the winter and summer seasons (P<0.05). The water content was similar to those reported for other sea cucumber species, including H. tubulosa, H. poli, H. mammata (Çaklı et al, 2004;Aydın et al, 2011;Künili and Çolakoğlu, 2019;Künili, 2022), H. arguinensis (Roggatz et al, 2016), Actinopyga mauritiana, H. scabra, Bohadschia marmorata, and H. leucospilota (Omran, 2013). However, moisture values were also reported lower than our results in several sea cucumber species, such as H. arenicola, Actinopyga mauritiana (Haider et al, 2015), Paracaudina australis (Widianingsih et al, 2016), and Apostichopus japonicus (Lee et al, 2012).…”

“…In this study, protein and fat content in the spring and summer season significantly differed from those in other seasons (P<0.05), while ash and carbohydrate levels mainly differed in the summer season (P<0.05). Increased feeding activity due to higher water temperatures were reported in late spring and summer seasons before reproduction for Holothuria tubulosa which coexist with H. poli in the region Künili and Çolakoğlu, 2019). This could also be valid for H. poli as higher feeding activity and growth occur at 25°C for the Mediterranean holothurians (Coulon and Jangoux, 1993;Günay et al, 2015).…”

“…Sea cucumbers belonging to Holothuroidea class are represented approximately by 1773 species, and 66 of them are known to be economically important (Purcell, 2010;WoRMS, 2022). Economic value of sea cucumbers are shaped by the demand on their processing quality and sensory profiles such as size, colour, and texture along with by their biochemical composition and potential pharmacological utilization (Künili and Çolakoğlu, 2018;Künili and Çolakoğlu, 2019). In the Mediterranean, one of the economic sea cucumber species is known to be Holothuria (Roweothuria) poli, which has been under a heavy exploitation during the last decade to meet the international market demand (Künili and Çolakoğlu, 2019;Künili, 2022).Extensive populations can be observed in shallow water habitats such as sandy, muddy and rocky seabeds as well as among sea grass.…”

“…Catching of this species has recently been banned in coastal areas of Turkey. Once harvested sea cucumbers are directly dissected free from their viscera on board and the remaining body walls are transported to processing plants where they are processed as frozen products and beche-de-mer, which is a unique processing method for sea cucumbers including boiling, salting and drying steps (Çaklı et al, 2004;Künili and Çolakoğlu, 2019). The demand for this species varies by seasons, due to changes in product quality which is affected by sensorial acceptances, biochemical composition, nutritional properties as well as meat yield.…”