Chemical and biological profile of Cespitularia species: A mini review

Elshamy, Abdelsamed I.; Nassar, Mahmoud I.; Mohamed, Tarik A.; Hegazy, Mohamed‐Elamir F.

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2015.07.003

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In addition to polyphenols, artichoke by-products are also abundant in terpenoids [ 7 , 19 , 20 ], which have strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and other physiological activities. Rich experience has been accumulated in recent studies about the structures and activities of terpenoids [ 21 , 22 ], and we have carried out qualitative and quantitative analysis of pentacyclic triterpenoids and sterols. We detected four pentacyclic triterpenoids (α-amyrin, lupeol, Ψ-taraxasterol, and taraxasterol) and two sterols (stigmasterol and β-sitosterol) in fat-soluble extracts of artichoke by-products.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silage Fermentation: A Potential Biological Approach for the Long-Term Preservation and Recycling of Polyphenols and Terpenes in Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) By-Products

et al. 2020

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An economic and effective method for storage is necessary to make full use of the nature of active components in artichoke by-products and ease environmental pressure. In this paper, the potential of silage fermentation for the preservation and recycling of polyphenols and terpenes in artichoke by-products is evaluated. The silage of artichoke by-products is characterized by lactic acid bacteria fermentation. Silage distinctly increases the abundance of lactic acid bacteria in artichoke by-products, such as Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Serratia, and Weissella, and greatly increases the abundance of Firmicutes. The improvement of the microorgan structure and composition is of great significance for the quality of artichoke by-products. Polyphenols in the stems and leaves of artichokes are preserved well in silage. Among the 18 polyphenol compounds detected by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS), the contents of 11 phenolic acids and four flavonoids increased significantly. For terpenes detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the contents of four pentacyclic triterpenoids increased significantly, while two sterols were kept stable in the silage process. Silage is a potential biotechnology for the long-term preservation of bioactive components, such as polyphenols and terpenes in artichoke by-products, and the results provide a scientific basis for the efficient utilization of by-products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silage Fermentation: A Potential Biological Approach for the Long-Term Preservation and Recycling of Polyphenols and Terpenes in Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) By-Products

et al. 2020

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“…Cembranoid diterpenes are well documented in eleven of the soft coral species tested (MarinLit Database, 2013) and correlated well to QS induction therefore could be responsible for the observed QS activity in these species. The same diterpene scaffolds, however, are not commonly known in the genera Nephthea (Amir et al, 2012a,b) Cespitularia (Elshamy et al, 2016) or in gorgonian corals (Changyun et al, 2008), so cembranoid diterpenes cannot fully explain the observed QS interference in these species. Isolation of cembranoid diterpenes was therefore required to understand the relative importance of these secondary metabolites to act as QS mimics.…”

Section: Soft Coral Fractionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quorum Sensing Interference and Structural Variation of Quorum Sensing Mimics in Australian Soft Coral

2018

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Bacterial Quorum Sensing (QS), the indirect regulation of gene expression through production and detection of small diffusible molecules, has emerged as a point of interaction between eukaryotic host organisms and their associated microbial communities. The extracellular nature of QS molecules enables interference in QS systems, in many cases via mimicry. This study targeted QS induction and inhibition in soft coral holobionts, as many soft coral species commonly contain compounds with structural similarities to the well-studied bacterial QS molecules acyl homoserine lactones. Screening with two bacterial biosensors, Agrobacterium tumefaciens A136 and Chromobacterium violaceum CV026, demonstrated that QS interference differed between the two biosensor strains and extended across the soft coral families Alcyoniidae, Clavulariidae, Nephtheidae, and Xeniidae. Bioassay-guided fractionation revealed chemical activity patterns, particularly in the induction of QS. Cembranoid diterpenes from active fractions were purified and tested for QS interference activity. Interestingly, the type of QS activity (induction or inhibition) in A. tumefaciens A136 correlated with structural variability of the secondary oxygen ring; cembranoid diterpenes with a furan ring or five-membered lactone induced QS, while compounds with larger (six or seven membered) lactone rings inhibited QS. Addition of the dominant cembranoid diterpene in the soft coral Lobophytum compactum, isolobophytolide, to bacterial culture media increased the number and morphological diversity of bacteria recovered from the mucosal layer of this soft coral, demonstrating a selective effect on certain members of the soft coral bacterial community. The identity and QS activity of recovered isolates differed between the mucosal layers of L. compactum and Sinularia flexibilis. In conclusion, this study provides information on the complexity of the interaction between soft corals and their associated bacteria, as well as, a structural understanding of how QS mimic compounds are able to interfere with a bacterial communication system.

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“…Two secosteroids, 3β,11-dihydroxy-5β, 6β-epoxy-9,11-secocholestan-9-one ( 142) and 3β, 11-dihydroxy-5β,6β-epoxy-9,11-secogorgostan-9-one (143) have been found and identified from extracts of the Taiwanese soft coral Cespitularia taeniata [139][140][141].…”

Section: Steroids Derived From the Other Coral's Generamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Diversity of Soft Coral Steroids and Their Pharmacological Activities

et al. 2020

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The review is devoted to the chemical diversity of steroids produced by soft corals and their determined and potential activities. There are about 200 steroids that belong to different types of steroids such as secosteroids, spirosteroids, epoxy- and peroxy-steroids, steroid glycosides, halogenated steroids, polyoxygenated steroids and steroids containing sulfur or nitrogen heteroatoms. Of greatest interest is the pharmacological activity of these steroids. More than 40 steroids exhibit antitumor and related activity with a confidence level of over 90 percent. A group of 32 steroids shows anti-hypercholesterolemic activity with over 90 percent confidence. Ten steroids exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and 20 steroids can be classified as respiratory analeptic drugs. Several steroids exhibit rather rare and very specific activities. Steroids exhibit anti-osteoporotic properties and can be used to treat osteoporosis, as well as have strong anti-eczemic and anti-psoriatic properties and antispasmodic properties. Thus, this review is probably the first and exclusive to present the known as well as the potential pharmacological activities of 200 marine steroids.

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Chemical and biological profile of Cespitularia species: A mini review

Abstract: Graphical abstractThis review furnishes an overview of all naturally isolated compounds, especially diterpenoids as well as biological activities of these species such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities.

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Silage Fermentation: A Potential Biological Approach for the Long-Term Preservation and Recycling of Polyphenols and Terpenes in Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) By-Products

Silage Fermentation: A Potential Biological Approach for the Long-Term Preservation and Recycling of Polyphenols and Terpenes in Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) By-Products

Quorum Sensing Interference and Structural Variation of Quorum Sensing Mimics in Australian Soft Coral

Chemical Diversity of Soft Coral Steroids and Their Pharmacological Activities

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