Chemical and Biological Evaluation of the Oil and Seedcake from Seeds of a Greek Cardoon Cultivar as Potential Functional Vegetable Oil. Comparison with Sesame, Flaxseed and Extra Virgin Olive Oils

Abstract

Cynara cardunculus L. is a plant of the Mediterranean basin, known since antiquity as a food and for its therapeutic properties. The needs of the 21st century for the utilization of agricultural waste has led to the study of the seed oil of a Greek cultivar of Cynaracardunculus (GCCC) as potential nutritional oil, as large amounts of cardoon seeds are discarded. The sterol and fatty acid profile of cold-pressed seed oil was examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC-MS and compared with that of solvent extraction. Total phenolic content was determined and compared with well-known and widely appreciated edible vegetable oils; while, additionally, the total lignan content and nutritional value of cold-pressed oil revealed it as a potential dietary candidate. Furthermore, the seedcake (residue of cold-pressed oil extraction) has been studied exerting it as a good source of phenolics. Both GCCC oil and seedcake were tested for their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities exhibiting higher activity compared to the sesame, flaxseed and extra virgin olive oils. According to the results, Cynara seed oil was shown to be a rich source of ω-6/-9 fatty acids and phenolics, highlighting, indicating that it could be a promising health-promoting vegetable oil, while the seedcake was revealed as a rich source of bioactive compounds.

Extraction, Profiling and Characterization of Phytosterols and Triterpenoids from Pili (Canarium ovatum Engl.) Pulp Oil Exhibiting Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties

“…longifolia also contains high amounts of α-amyrin as reported by Ogwuche et al (2014) and Saeidnia et al (2016). Other than plant parts, amyrin along with other sterols were also detected in oil samples such as in olive, flaxseed, and camellia seed oils (Varvouni et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2017).…”

Extraction, Profiling, and Characterization of Phytosterols and Triterpenoids from Pili (Canarium ovatum Engl.) Pulp Oil Exhibiting Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties

“…Areal parts of M. barteri and S. longifolia also contain high amounts of α -amyrin as reported by Ce et al [ 20 ] and Saeidnia et al [ 21 ]. Other than plant parts, amyrin along with other sterols were also detected in oil samples such as in olive, flaxseed, and camellia seed oils [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Physiological and biochemical alterations in Vigna rdiate L. triggered by sesame derived elicitors as defense mechanism against Rhizoctonia and Macrophomina infestation

“…The Sesame is a tropical crop that needs warm climatic conditions during its growth period. It is one of the earliest-known crop-based oils in which about 50% of the oil content in seed contains high protein 9 . Sesame is considered "queen of oilseeds" due to the presence of rich polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6) and natural phenolic compounds such as lignans, sesamol, and sesaminol 10 .…”