Chemical and biological evaluation of silk worm chrysalid protein

Abstract

Dried and defatted, water extracted and hydrogen peroxide treated silk worm chrysalides (SWC) were analysed for gross composition as well as for energy, fatty acids and amino acids. The amino acid analyses showed well-balanced amino acid patterns. Water extraction and hydrogen peroxide treatment improved odour, taste and colour of the product. Tests with rats showed that raw and water extracted SWC were well utilised whereas hydrogen peroxide treated SWC showed reduced protein utilisation. It is concluded that the water extracted SWC is better suited for eventual use as a food component than the hydrogen peroxide treated SWC.

Complete nutrient composition of commercially raised invertebrates used as food for insectivores

“…In general, feeding trials using house fly larvae, pupae, Mormon crickets, house crickets, various lepidoteran larvae, and earthworms show good growth for both rats and chickens, and suggest that insect protein is readily available, with protein-quality values similar to or slightly higher than those of fish meal or soybean meal [Calvert et al, 1969;Teotia and Miller, 1974;Ocio and Vinaras, 1979;DeFoliart et al, 1982;Dreyer and Wehmeyer, 1982;Lin et al, 1983;Finke et al, 1984Finke et al, , 1987Finke et al, , 1989Phelps, 1985;Landry et al, 1986;Nakagaki et al, 1987;Zhenjun et al, 1997]. However, in five separate studies (three using silkworm pupal meal [Ichhponani and Malik, 1971;Fagoonee, 1983;Rao, 1994], one using house fly larval meal [Onifade et al, 2001], and one using eastern tent caterpillar meal [Finke, 1984]), dried-insect meals produced poor results.…”

“…The fairly high recovery of nitrogen as amino acids in all species except silkworms suggests that the nitrogen from chitin is relatively small. Amino acid recoveries (corrected) calculated from other studies are as follows: house fly pupae 62% [Calvert et al, 1969] and 86% [Teotia and Miller, 1974]; house fly larvae 67% [Ocio and Vinaras, 1979]; termites 72% [Phelps et al, 1975],71% [Ukhun and Osasona, 1985], and 38%, and 75% [Oyarzun et al, 1996]; Mormon crickets 85% [Finke, 1984]; house crickets 77% [Nakagaki et al, 1987]; three genera of aquatic insects 86% [Bergeron et al, 1988]; and silkworm pupa 68% [Lin et al, 1983] and 90% [Rao, 1994]. The number of amino acids reported in these studies ranged from 16 to 18.…”

“…The insects evaluated include house flies [Calvert et al, 1969;Teotia and Miller, 1974;Ocio and Vinaras, 1979;Onifade et al, 2001], Mormon crickets Finke et al, 1987], silkworm larvae [Ichhponani and Malik, 1971;Fagoonee, 1983;Lin et al, 1983;Rao, 1994], house crickets [Nakagaki et al, 1987;Finke et al, 1989], and several other species [Phelps et al, 1975;Landry et al, 1986;Finke et al, 1989]. Most of these data evaluate the nutritional value of dried insect meals, not intact insects; but the data pertaining to protein quality evaluations are important as they represent evaluations based both on amino acid analysis and animal feeding trials using both poultry and laboratory rats.…”

The Effect of Strain and Rearing Medium on the Chemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profile and Carotenoid Content in Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Pupae

“…Fish and broiler dietary meal has been integrated with various levels of silkworm pupae without adverse effects on animal growth, performance, and survival parameters [12,13,14]. Silkworm pupae are recognized to be rich in proteins and their amino acid composition is comparable to that of fish meal [15,16]. Pupae are also sources of essential fatty acids (EFA), especially polyunsaturated (PUFA), and, differently than other insects [9], have a higher n-3 to n-6 fatty acids ratio [17,18].…”

Thermal denaturation of soy proteins as related to their dye‐binding characteristics and functionality

“…The content of carbohydrate was calculated by difference. Protein (N X 6.25) and unreactive lysine were determined as described by Lin et al (8). Digestibility in vitro was measured by the method of Hahn et al (9).…”