Chemerin promotes angiogenesis in vivo

Abstract

Chemerin acts as a chemotactic factor for leukocyte populations expressing the G protein‐coupled receptor CMKLR1 (ChemR23). It is also an adipocytokine involved in obesity and metabolic syndromes. Previous studies have demonstrated that chemerin promotes angiogenesis in vitro, although the precise mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we have investigated whether chemerin regulates angiogenic processes and validated the associated mechanisms. In this study, chemerin stimulated angiogenesis in mice, which was demonstrated using Matrigel plug implantation assay, mouse corneal models of angiogenesis, and ex vivo rat aortic ring assay. To explore the mechanisms by which chemerin induced angiogenesis, we examined the effects of chemerin in human umbilical vein endothelium cells (HUVECs). Chemerin stimulated the differentiation of HUVECs into capillary‐like structures, promoted the proliferation of HUVECs, and functioned as a chemoattractant in migration assays. Chemerin induced the phosphorylation of Akt and p42/44 extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) in HUVECs and chemerin promotes angiogenesis via Akt and ERK. SiRNA against the chemerin receptor CMKLR1 but not that against another chemerin receptor, CCRL2, completely inhibited the chemerin‐induced migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs, which indicates that chemerin promotes the migration and angiogenic activities of HUVECs mainly through CMKLR1.

The In Vitro Effect of Prostaglandin E2 and F2α on the Chemerin System in the Porcine Endometrium during Gestation

“…Chemerin has been found to promote angiogenesis in vivo in mice and in vitro in the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line. Similar effects were observed in the human microvascular endothelial cell line [ 41 , 42 ]. Furthermore, it has also been found that chemerin, besides its influence on the vascularization process, may also, mainly via CMKLR1 receptor, influence the vascular tone and blood pressure [ 43 ].…”

“…Both prostaglandins exerted the opposite effects on GPR1 protein expression on days 12 to 16 of gestation. Chemerin promotes angiogenesis mainly via the CMKLR1 receptor [ 41 ], whereas the GPR1 receptor is responsible mainly for glucose homeostasis [ 44 ], which could suggest that by suppressing CMKLR1 and promoting GPR1 expression, prostaglandins could regulate tissue remodeling, prevent excessive vascular development, and ensure the availability of nutrients for implanting embryos. These findings could be confirmed by the observation that the lack of GPR1 expression in pregnant mice resulted in glucose intolerance, disrupted lipid metabolism, and decreased insulin levels [ 45 ].…”

Correlation between adiponectin, chemerin, vascular endothelial growth factor and epicardial fat volume in patients with coronary artery disease

“…To find the answer, adiponectin, chemerin and VEGF in the serum of CAD patients were detected. A study conducted by Eiras and González-Juanatey (19) showed that low adiponectin expression in CAD patients is expected to be a potential biomarker for CAD, while a study conducted by Madonna et al (20) and Nakamura et al (21) showed that both chemerin and VEGF have the effect of promoting blood vessel survival. The present study detected the expression of adiponectin, chemerin and VEGF in the serum of the observation group, finding that the expression of chemerin and VEGF in the serum of the observation group was significantly higher than those of the control group, while the expression of adiponectin was significantly lower than that of the control group, in consistency with previous studies (22,23).…”

Rola chemeryny i jej antybakteryjnych pochodnych w utrzymaniu funkcji barierowych nabłonka

“…antygen-presenting cells) -plazmacytoidalnych komórek dendrytycznych (pDC) i makrofagów oraz innych leukocytów posiadających na swojej powierzchni receptor CMKLR1, stanowiąc łącznik między nieswoistą i swoistą odpowiedzią immunologiczną [14]. Ostatnie badania in vivo potwierdziły rolę aktywowanego przez chemerynę receptora CMKLR1 w stymulacji migracji i aktywności angiogennej komórek śródbłonka naczyń [15]. W zdrowej skórze chemeryna jest produkowana głównie przez keratynocyty naskórka.…”