Chemerin as Potential Biomarker in Pediatric Diseases: A PRISMA-Compliant Study

Abstract

Adipose tissue is the main source of adipokines and therefore serves not only as a storage organ, but also has an endocrine effect. Chemerin, produced mainly in adipocytes and liver, is a natural ligand for chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), G-protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPR1) and C-C motif chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2), which have been identified in many tissues and organs. The role of this protein is an active area of research, and recent analyses suggest that chemerin contributes to angiogenesis, adipogenesis, glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism. Many studies confirm that this molecule is associated with obesity in both children and adults. We conducted a systematic review of data from published studies evaluating chemerin in children with various disease entities. We searched PubMed to identify eligible studies published prior to February 2022. A total of 36 studies were selected for analysis after a detailed investigation, which was intended to leave only the research studies. Moreover, chemerin seems to play an important role in the development of cardiovascular and digestive diseases. The purpose of this review was to describe the latest advances in knowledge of the role of chemerin in the pathogenesis of various diseases from studies in pediatric patients. The mechanisms underlying the function of chemerin in various diseases in children are still being investigated, and growing evidence suggests that this adipokine may be a potential prognostic biomarker for a wide range of diseases.

The Etiology of Cholelithiasis in Children and Adolescents—A Literature Review

“…Taking into consideration the influence of adipose tissue in lean children, only chemerin was significantly increased in patients with cholelithiasis [ 34 ]. Based on the literature, chemerin may be both a pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecule [ 35 ]. The influence of other markers of inflammation was observed by Denisova et al [ 36 ].…”

The link between vitamin D, chemerin and metabolic profile in overweight and obese children - preliminary results

“…Chemerin is one of the most important multifunctional adipokines, generated mainly in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue by elastase and tryptase which activate prochemerin. Chemerin mRNA is expressed also in fibroblasts, chondrocytes, epithelial cells, platelets and in a number of organs such as liver, female reproductive organs, adrenal glands, lungs, kidneys and pancreas ( 15 – 18 ). Chemerin is involved in glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, maintenance of energy balance, adipogenesis, angiogenesis, inflammatory and autoimmune processes ( 1 , 18 – 22 ).…”

“…Chemerin mRNA is expressed also in fibroblasts, chondrocytes, epithelial cells, platelets and in a number of organs such as liver, female reproductive organs, adrenal glands, lungs, kidneys and pancreas ( 15 – 18 ). Chemerin is involved in glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, maintenance of energy balance, adipogenesis, angiogenesis, inflammatory and autoimmune processes ( 1 , 18 – 22 ). Recent studies indicate that it could be also used as a marker of tumours ( 23 , 24 ).…”

Analysis of Sphingolipids in Pediatric Patients with Cholelithiasis—A Preliminary Study

“…In the studies published so far in children, the effect of chemerin on the presence of cholelithiasis has been observed [ 11 ]. Chemerin, as an adipokine involved in adipogenesis, glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism [ 12 ], may be associated with lipid disturbances.…”