Zinc(II) enhances radical scavenging of the flavonoid kaempferol (Kaem) most significantly for the 1:1 Zn(II)-Kaem complex in equilibrium with the 1:2 Zn(II)-Kaem complex both with high affinity at 3-hydroxyl and 4carboxyl coordination. In methanol/chloroform (7/3, v/v), 1:1 Zn(II)-Kaem complex reduces β-carotene radical cation, β-Car •+ , with a second-order rate constant, 1.88 × 10 8 L• mol −1 •s −1 , while both Kaem and 1:2 Zn(II)-Kaem complex are nonreactive, as determined by laser flash photolysis. In ethanol, 1:1 Zn(II)-Kaem complex reduces the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, DPPH • , with a second-order rate constant, 2.48 × 10 4 L•mol −1 •s −1 , 16 times and 2 times as efficient as Kaem and 1:2 Zn(II)-Kaem complex, respectively, as determined by stopped-flow spectroscopy. Density functional theory calculation results indicate significantly increased acidity of Kaem as ligand in 1:1 Zn(II)-Kaem complex other than in 1:2 Zn(II)-Kaem complex. Kaem in 1:1 Zn(II)-Kaem complex loses two protons (one from 3-hydroxyl and one from phenolic hydroxyl) forming 1:1 Zn(II)-(Kaem−2H) during binding with Zn(II), while Kaem in 1:2 Zn(II)-Kaem complex loses one proton in each ligand forming Zn(II)-(Kaem−H) 2 , as confirmed by UV−vis absorption spectroscopy. Zn(II)-(Kaem−2H) is a far stronger reductant than Kaem and Zn(II)-(Kaem−H) 2 as determined by cyclic voltammetry. Significant rate increases for the 1:1 complex in both β-Car •+ scavenging by electron transfer and DPPH • scavenging by hydrogen atom transfer were ascribed to decreases of ionization potential and of bond dissociation energy of 4′-OH for deprotonated Zn(II)-(Kaem−2H), respectively. Increased phenol acidity of plant polyphenols by 1:1 coordination with Zn(II) may explain the unique function of Zn(II) as a biological antioxidant and may help to design nontoxic metal-based drugs derived from natural bioactive molecules.