Chelating Agents Applied to Ion-exchange Separations of Americium and Curium<sup>1</sup>

Glass, Richard A.

doi:10.1021/ja01608a092

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The separation of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) has long been a focus of ion chromatography development, and the effects of temperature on the REE separation factors have been tested on several occasions. Glass 35 tested the influence of eluting Eu, Cm, Am and Pm on AG 50W‐X12 at 87°C instead at room temperature, and found that the elution peaks appeared more rapidly and were less separated, suggesting that temperature improves kinetics and has a negative effect on the separation factor. Conversely, Strelow and Gricius 36 found a strong positive effect on the separation factor between La and Th on AG 50W‐X8 at 50°C compared with room temperature, implying that the temperature effect on the separation factor is element‐dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of temperature effect on elution profiles on anionic and cationic ion‐exchange resins from 4°C to 28°C

Lamboux

Hassler

Davechand

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale:In labs devoted to the geochemistry of non-traditional isotopes, chemical elution is necessary to purify the element of interest. Elution is always performed in over-pressured and air-conditioned clean rooms. We took advantage of an airconditioning failure in our lab during summer 2018 to study the effect of temperature on the characteristics of the elution profiles of ion-exchange resins. Methods:We performed the ion-exchange separation of copper, iron and zinc on macroporous anionic AG MP-1 resin and that of calcium on cationic AG 50W-X12 resin, at 28 C, prior to the measurement of their isotopic ratios by mass spectrometry. We further performed these experiments in a clean hood in a cold room at 4 C. The elution curves were processed on biological standards, i.e. bovine liver (SRM-1577c), fetal bovine serum (FBS), bone meal (SRM-1486) and the seawater IAPSO standard. Results:The elution profiles of major elements for each matrix, and those of copper, iron, zinc and calcium, were compared with those classically achieved at 20 C in airconditioned conditions. The results show that the elution profiles preserve their characteristics whatever the temperature, suggesting that partitioning coefficients between resin and solution are thermo-independent in the range of temperature from 4 C to 28 C. Conclusions:If generalized to other matrices, notably inorganic, and to other elements, notably the extreme case of the separation of Rare Earth Elements, the present results suggest that clean labs may not have to be air-conditioned. This would reduce installation and operating costs and have a positive effect on the environment, paving the way for the development of a "green geochemistry".

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of temperature effect on elution profiles on anionic and cationic ion‐exchange resins from 4°C to 28°C

Lamboux

Hassler

Davechand

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…The separation of Am(III) and Cm(III) from each other on a cation exchange column can be performed by elution using either lactic acid or tartaric acid solutions adjusted to approximately pH 4 with ammonium hydroxide. 29 The lactic acid separation takes less than 2 hours to complete, while the tartaric acid separation requires approximately 16 hours. Another commonly used aqueous complexant is ammonium α-hydroxy-isobutyrate, which is also effective at separating Am(III) and Cm(III) by cation exchange.…”

Section: 1) Ion Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 19 CaCl2 runs, the average process yield was 74% compared to 73% for 323 runs with NaCl/KCl. 29 The early trials indicated CaCl2 can be used to replace NaCl/KCl salt in the ER process. Studies out of Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) noted several benefits of CaCl2 over NaCl/KCl salt.…”

Section: 3) Electrorefiningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Understanding of Actinide Separations

Servis

McCann

et al. 2021

Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry

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This article provides a broad overview of the separation processes used to isolate actinides and the experimentally and computationally determined chemical characteristics that define those separations. The redox chemistry of the actinides plays a pivotal role in both aqueous and pyrochemical processing separations. The nearoverlapping energies of the 6d and 5f orbitals in the light actinides allows for facile adjustment of actinide oxidation states, which is used in many established separation methods. In contrast, the stable, generally 3+oxidation states of the midand heavy actinides can make them difficult to separate from the similarly lanthanides(III). In aqueous separations, the tendency of the actinides to form anionic and neutral aqueous complexes with a variety of complexants (especially soft donors) is used to achieve high separation factors between chemically similar elements in both solid-liquid separations and liquid-liquid extraction. This selectivity can be further tuned through the use of specialized organic or solid phase ligands. Pyroprocessing separations utilize the unique redox behavior of the actinides to adjust their distribution between a molten salt electrolyte and either a solid electrode or molten metal phase. Atomic-level insights into the mechanisms underlying actinide separation processes, with the ultimate goal of predicting separation behavior, can be provided by electronic structure and statistical mechanicalbased calculation methods.

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“…The reagents investigated in clude lactate (52, 71, 123, 124 to 127), malonate (126), glycolate (126,128,129), EDT A (126, 130 to 133), and other amino polyacetic acids (134); tartrate (124), and a-hydroxyisobutyrate (135 to 141). Each of these, of course, has special advantages.…”

Section: Sep Arationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiochemical Separations by Ion Exchange

Ka¹,

Nelson²

1957

Annu. Rev. Nucl. Sci.

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During the past few years ion exchange has become firmly entrenched as a separations tool. Its great popularity stems from its theoretical and practical simplicity, its insensitivity to concentration, its versatility and broad applicability, its rapidity for obtaining materials of extremely high purity and, of course, from the ready availability of reasonably stable ion exchange materials. Ion exchange is ideally suited for separations at the trace concentration so typical for radiochemical work and, indeed, ion exchange and radiochemical developments have been closely allied. Further, because ion exchange columns are simple to operate, easily shielded and adaptable to remote control, their use is attractive, even at relatively high activity levels.The war-time work on the Manhattan project on the separation of rare earth and other fission products is generally considered the starting point of the present great interest in the use of ion exchangers for inorganic and radio chemical separations. Since then, application of ion exchangers to radio chemical problems has increased enormously and now includes such widely different fields as analysis, process control, isolation of tracers from target materials, discovery, identification and study of new elements, separation of activities in neutron activation analysis, general investigations of the chemistry of solutions, "hot atom" chemistry, production of radioisotopes, and waste disposal. The isolation of uranium from low grade ores is, in principle, also a radiochemical separation and has become the largest appli cation of ion exchangers outside the water conditioning field.The flood of ion exchange papers originating in many laboratories throughout the world is now so large as to preclude adequate coverage in the limited space of this review, even if attention is confined, as will be done here, to inorganic separations. Complete restriction of the paper to radio chemical applications, although implied by the title, seemed inappropriate since except at highest radiation densities, there is essentially no difference between separations of active or inactive materials. The field to be covered is thus extremely large and, in order to stay within bounds, citation of references had to be severely restricted, and selections often be made on an arbitrary basis. Fortunately, the field is frequently reviewed and a number of recent books (e.g., refs. 1 to 9) and review articles (e.g., refs. 10 to 21) are available. In addition, it is hoped that sufficient individual citations have been made to provide an adequate introduction to recent developments in the field.

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Chelating Agents Applied to Ion-exchange Separations of Americium and Curium¹

Cited by 25 publications

References 5 publications

Absence of temperature effect on elution profiles on anionic and cationic ion‐exchange resins from 4°C to 28°C

Absence of temperature effect on elution profiles on anionic and cationic ion‐exchange resins from 4°C to 28°C

Chemical Understanding of Actinide Separations

Radiochemical Separations by Ion Exchange

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Chelating Agents Applied to Ion-exchange Separations of Americium and Curium1

Cited by 25 publications

References 5 publications

Absence of temperature effect on elution profiles on anionic and cationic ion‐exchange resins from 4°C to 28°C

Absence of temperature effect on elution profiles on anionic and cationic ion‐exchange resins from 4°C to 28°C

Chemical Understanding of Actinide Separations

Radiochemical Separations by Ion Exchange

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Chelating Agents Applied to Ion-exchange Separations of Americium and Curium¹