Cheiracanthid acanthodians from the lower fossil fish-bearing horizons (Eifelian, Middle Devonian) of the Orcadian Basin, Scotland

Burrow, Carole J.; Newman, Michael J.; Blaauwen, Jan L. den

doi:10.1144/sjg2020-006

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Higher resolution images of BNTU 85/16-10k (Text-fig. 3G) show that it falls into the morphological range of scale crown ornamentation of C. brevicostatus described by Burrow et al (2021). We have also identified BNTU 41/6a-1a (Text-fig.…”

Section: Polotsk Regional Stagesupporting

confidence: 53%

“…2A) and BNTU 47/19-34g (Text-fig. 2B) show this C. brevicostatus character and fall into the morphological range of scale crown ornamentation described by Burrow et al (2021) based on articulated specimens from Scotland.…”

Section: Kostyukovichi Regional Stagementioning

confidence: 56%

“…Into the 21 st century, more detailed work based on acanthodians had identified conspecific forms not only in the Baltic Region and the Orcadian Basin, but also Belarus, Spitsbergen, and Severnaya Zemlya (Burrow et al 2016(Burrow et al , 2020(Burrow et al , 2021den Blaauwen et al 2019;Newman et al 2019Newman et al , 2021b. The reason for acanthodian synonymy is discussed later in this article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In several recent articles (Burrow et al 2016(Burrow et al , 2020(Burrow et al , 2021den Blaauwen et al 2019;Newman et al 2021b) it has been shown that several Middle Devonian acanthodian species from the Baltic Region and Belarus are subjective junior synonyms of species from the Orcadian Basin of Scotland. The main reason for the erection of new taxa was that the Scottish species were created for articulated fish in which the squamation was poorly known, whereas the Baltic species were based on isolated scales.…”

Section: Erroneous Species Identifications Due To Differences In Pres...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acta Geologica Polonica

Plax

Newman²

2020

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The Lower Devonian (Emsian) and Middle Devonian of Belarus contain assemblages of biostratigraphically useful faunal and floral microremains. Surface deposits are few, with most material being derived from borehole cores. Acanthodian scales are particularly numerous and comparison with scales from other regions of the Old Red Sandstone continent (Laurussia), specifically the Orcadian Basin of Scotland, the Baltic Region, Spitsbergen, and Severnaya Zemlya have demonstrated a lot of synonymy of acanthodian species between these areas. This is especially the case between Belarus, the Orcadian Basin and the Baltic Region, which has allowed us to produce an interregional biostratigraphic scheme, as well as to postulate marine connection routes between these areas. The acanthodian biostratigraphy of Belarus is particularly important as it is associated with spores and marine invertebrates, so giving the potential of more detailed correlations across not only the Old Red Sandstone continent, but elsewhere in the Devonian world. We also demonstrate that differences in preservation (e.g., wear and how articulated a specimen is) is one of the main reasons for synonymy.

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Section: Polotsk Regional Stagesupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Kostyukovichi Regional Stagementioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Erroneous Species Identifications Due To Differences In Pres...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acta Geologica Polonica

Plax

Newman²

2020

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“…The combination of one deep imprint and one to three parallel shallower grooves (without sediment ridges) is best explained by a fin spine and adjacent fin membrane of a spiny-finned fish brushing the sediment (Figure 4D). Acanthodians with this fin structure are well represented in the Achanarras fauna and are present throughout the Caithness Group (Newman, 2010;Burrow et al, 2020;Newman et al, 2020). As such, organisms such as Diplacanthus, Mesacanthus or Cheiracanthus (Dineley, 1999;Newman, 2010) are the most likely candidates for the tracemaker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of fish trace fossils ( Undichna ) from the Middle Devonian Achanarras Limestone, Caithness Flagstone Group

Tindal

Shillito

Davies

2021

SJG

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Two newly-discovered specimens of the fish locomotion trace Undichna (U. britannica and Undichna isp.), are described from the Middle Devonian Achanarras Limestone Member (Caithness Flagstone Group, NE Scotland). Fish trace fossils have not previously been reported from the Achanarras Limestone Member, despite decades of study of the unit as a key locality for fish body fossils. The traces comprise discontinuous sinusoidal grooves; one showing multiple parallel incisions, created by the fins of an acanthodian fish swimming close to the substrate. The apparent absence of trace fossils attributable to infaunal or epifaunal benthic organisms suggests that the sediment at the bottom of the lake was relatively inhospitable. The low ichnodiversity of the Achanarras Limestone Member is likely due to low oxygen levels in the depositional environment.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Early Career Research collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/SJG-early-career-research

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Two newly identified cheiracanthid acanthodians from the Mey Flagstone Formation (Givetian, Middle Devonian) of the Orcadian Basin, Scotland

Newman¹,

Blaauwen

Burrow

2020

SJG

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Articulated cheiracanthid acanthodians are relatively rare above the Dickosteus thrieplandi biostratigraphic zone in the Orcadian Basin, with Cheiracanthus peachi den Blaauwen, Newman & Burrow the only species identified to date. Here we describe two other taxa Fallodentus davidsoni nov. gen. et sp. and Markacanthus costulatus Valiukevičius from the Mey Flagstone Formation. F. davidsoni occurs at the base of the formation, in the Osteolepis panderi biostratigraphic zone, and is readily identified by its robust fin spines which have a wide longitudinal ridge on each side below the groove separating the leading edge from the side of the spine. The taxon is most similar to Homalacanthus concinnus (Whiteaves) from the younger (Frasnian) Escuminac Formation in Quebec, Canada. The unique specimen of Markacanthus costulatus is from the top of the Mey Flagstone Formation. This taxon was previously only known from isolated scales from the upper Narva and Aruküla Regional Stages of the east Baltic region. The dorsoventral preservation of the head region in the F. davidsoni specimens reveals clearly the position of the ceratohyal cartilages in a cheiracanthid, as well as showing for the first time that there is a basihyal cartilage anterior to the ceratohyals.

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Cheiracanthid acanthodians from the lower fossil fish-bearing horizons (Eifelian, Middle Devonian) of the Orcadian Basin, Scotland

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Acta Geologica Polonica

Acta Geologica Polonica

First report of fish trace fossils ( Undichna ) from the Middle Devonian Achanarras Limestone, Caithness Flagstone Group

Two newly identified cheiracanthid acanthodians from the Mey Flagstone Formation (Givetian, Middle Devonian) of the Orcadian Basin, Scotland

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