Chavín de Huántar and Its Sphere of Influence

Burger, Richard L.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74907-5_35

Cited by 63 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In conjunction with research at many of those sites, this led to debate regarding the nature of Chavı´n's relationship to sites with which it shared stylistic affinities (e.g. Burger 1988Burger , 1992Burger , 1993Burger , 2008Kembel and Rick 2004;Lumbreras 1971Lumbreras , 1989Lumbreras , 1993Rick et al 2011). These studies commonly examined exotic iconography, architecture, and/or material culture.…”

Section: Interregional Interaction and Chavı´n De Hua´ntarmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1). These include sites connected by similarities in material culture and/or architecture and sources of raw material, and have played an important role in interpretations both of Chavı´n itself and of regional developments in the Central Andes during this period (see, for example, Burger 1988Burger , 1993Burger , 2008Kembel and Rick 2004;Lumbreras 1989;Rowe 1962). Indeed, attention to the first millennium BCE in Peru stems from the apparent burgeoning of interregional interaction and the relationship of that activity to increasing sociopolitical differentiation and material elaboration at a variety of sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How far to Conchucos? A GIS approach to assessing the implications of exotic materials at Chavín de Huántar

Contreras

2011

World Archaeology

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Chavı´n de Hua´ntar has long been recognized as a site of pan-regional importance in the first millennium BCE Central Andes. Multiple lines of evidence link the site to costa, sierra and selva. Using exotic goods for which provenance is known -for example, obsidian, cinnabar, selected ceramics and marine shell -specific areas with which Chavı´n interacted can be identified. These interactions are considered in the context of distinct ways of thinking about Central Andean spacea least-cost transportation surface, the Inca road network and ethno-historically reconstructed territories. I argue that explicitly modeling the implications of connecting such nodes and considering distance in multiple ways facilitates a better characterization of interregional interaction.

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Section: Interregional Interaction and Chavı´n De Hua´ntarmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How far to Conchucos? A GIS approach to assessing the implications of exotic materials at Chavín de Huántar

Contreras

2011

World Archaeology

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“…Lathrap (1971Lathrap ( , 1973 posited that the origins of the civilization itself might lie in the Eastern Jungles, but there was little architectural evidence to support this claim (Burger 1995). Recent research on interaction and exchange has extensively documented ties north and south of the site as well as providing evidence of trade with the coast that has existed for a great time (Burger 2008;Contreras 2011;Rademaker et al 2014). It now appears that Chavín was engaged in an extensive trade network across distinct environmental regions; however, the site iconography contains greater numbers of depictions of lowland animals (jaguars, caimans) than of marine mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Isotopic evidence for the trade and production of exotic marine mammal bone artifacts at Chavín de Huántar, Peru

Sayre

Miller

Rosenfeld

2015

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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This study uses stable isotope analysis to identify the possible origin and taxon of unusually large worked bone artifacts recovered from the site of Chavín de Huántar in the central highland of Peru (3200-2200 BP). The site was traditionally considered to be an ideal trading point halfway between the Pacific coast and the Amazon jungle. The archaeological specimens were discovered in a workshop area located in the La Banda sector across from the main temple, and they were analyzed for the stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. Results indicate that the worked bone artifacts are marine in origin and are likely from a cetacean or large pinniped. Their exotic origin and elaborate work have implications about ancient production practices and exchange, and they provide benchmark data and a comparative approach for future analysis of exotic bone artifacts.

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“…The level of mutual exchange increases with the Initial Period (1800-900 BC) and becomes apparent with the emergence of the Chavin style in the Early Horizon (800-200 BC) (Burger, 1981;Kembel & Rick, 2004). Especially for the central and southern areas there is no evidence that this spread was accompanied by significant population biological processes (Burger, 2008). This assumption is supported by palaeogenetic studies that verify a significant genetic differentiation between the prehistoric coastal and highland populations in Southern Peru at least for a period ranging from 800 BC to 650 AD even though cultural influences of coastal cultures are evident in the adjacent highlands (Shimada et al, 2004;Shinoda et al, 2006;Fehren-Schmitz, 2008;Fehren-Schmitz et al, 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Diachronic Investigations of Mitochondrial and Y-Chromosomal Genetic Markers in Pre-Columbian Andean Highlanders from South Peru

Fehren‐Schmitz¹,

Warnberg²,

Reindel

et al. 2010

Annals of Human Genetics

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SummaryThis study examines the reciprocal effects of cultural evolution, and population dynamics in pre-Columbian southern Peru by the analysis of DNA from pre-Columbian populations that lived in the fringe area between the Andean highlands and the Pacific coast. The main objective is to reveal whether the transition from the Middle Horizon (MH: 650-1000 AD) to the Late Intermediate Period (LIP: 1000-1400 AD) was accompanied or influenced by population dynamic processes. Tooth samples from 90 individuals from several archaeological sites, dating to the MH and LIP, in the research area were collected to analyse mitochodrial, and Y-chromosomal genetic markers. Coding region polymorphisms were successfully analysed and replicated for 72 individuals, as were control region sequences for 65 individuals and Ychromosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for 19 individuals, and these were compared to a large set of ancient and modern indigenous South American populations. The diachronic comparison of the upper valley samples from both time periods reveals no genetic discontinuities accompanying the cultural dynamic processes. A high genetic affinity for other ancient and modern highland populations can be observed, suggesting genetic continuity in the Andean highlands at the latest from the MH. A significant matrilineal differentiation to ancient Peruvian coastal populations can be observed suggesting a differential population history.

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Chavín de Huántar and Its Sphere of Influence

Cited by 63 publications

References 23 publications

How far to Conchucos? A GIS approach to assessing the implications of exotic materials at Chavín de Huántar

How far to Conchucos? A GIS approach to assessing the implications of exotic materials at Chavín de Huántar

Isotopic evidence for the trade and production of exotic marine mammal bone artifacts at Chavín de Huántar, Peru

Diachronic Investigations of Mitochondrial and Y-Chromosomal Genetic Markers in Pre-Columbian Andean Highlanders from South Peru

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