Charring of fire retarded ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer — magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate formulations

Carpentier, Fabien; Bourbigot, Serge; Bras, Michel Le; Delobel, René; Foulon, M.

doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(00)00044-6

Cited by 161 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In recent years, many researches have published similar results related e.g. to zinc borate [3][4][5], multiwalled carbon nanotubes [6], Fe-MMT [7], layered double hydroxide [8], rubber [9], organo-modified montmorillonite [10], silicon [11], fumed silica [1], talc [12], expandable graphite [13], zinc hydroxystannate [14] and ammonium polyphosphate [15], combined with MH. Nevertheless, very few publications appear in the literature concerning the sepiolite used in combination with MH in EVA matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Synergistic flame retardant effects between sepiolite and magnesium hydroxide in ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) matrix

Huang¹,

Chen²,

Yi³

et al. 2010

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Some customers are reluctant to change, because the halogen-free solutions may have higher cost. This is one of the reasons that the synergistic effect is always the subject for researchers to pursue. The synergy between sepiolite and magnesium hydroxide (MH) in halogen-free flame retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer was investigated in the paper through some common facilities, such as limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and cone calorimeter test (CCT). In the wake of the positive results from the LOI and UL-94 tests, the CCT data indicated not only the reduction of heat release rate (HRR) and mass loss rates (MLR), but also prolonged ignition time (TTI) and depressed smoke release (SR) were observed during combustion. Simultaneously, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the system were also much better improved with the increase of sepiolite added due to the hydrogen bonds between silanol groups attached to the sepiolite molecules and the ester groups of EVA. The synergistic mechanism has been discussed in the paper in terms of the barrier mechanism in the condensed phase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Synergistic flame retardant effects between sepiolite and magnesium hydroxide in ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) matrix

Huang¹,

Chen²,

Yi³

et al. 2010

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…This polyene undergoes allylic chain scission reactions to reach full degradation [5,6]. In an oxidative environment, the degradation of the formed polyene into an aromatised structure at elevated temperatures is detected upon addition of flame retardants [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The thermal degradation of poly(vinyl acetate) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate), Part I: Experimental study of the degradation mechanism

Rimez

Rahier

Assche

et al. 2008

Polymer Degradation and Stability

127

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The thermal degradation mechanism of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) copolymers was investigated with solid-state NMR, thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry and differential thermal analysis. Between 300 and 400 C acetic acid is eliminated (deacetylation), leaving a highly unsaturated residue or polyene. The deacetylation of PVAc is autocatalytic. Upon incorporation of ethylene entities into the polymer backbone, autocatalysis disappears. Between 400 and 500 C, the polyene will degrade further by chain scission reactions in inert conditions or aromatise in an oxidative environment into a char, and oxidised eventually into CO 2 beyond 500 C.In inert conditions, the deacetylation step as well as the chain scission reaction shows endothermic effects. In an oxidative environment, large exothermal effects are found for each degradation step. This indicates the occurrence of additional oxidation reactions during deacetylation, an important reorganisation of the polyene during char formation and oxidation of the latter into CO 2 .

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“…It tends to catalyze oxidation of char residues leading to an afterglow effect. As a result, effective barrier formation is realized only when additional additives are incorporated [4,[9][10][11]. Secondly, high loadings are required to achieve adequate flame resistance [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of stearic acid coating on the properties of magnesium hydroxide, hydromagnesite, and hydrotalcite powders

et al. 2009

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Hydrated filler-type flame retardants were coated with approximately a monolayer of stearic acid using a solvent technique. Compared to the uncoated powders, the BET surface area was lower, the powder packing density was improved, and the thickening effect on white oil was significantly reduced. The latter two observations are rationalized in terms of a reduction in the attractive interactions between the powder particles. The viscosity of white oil slurries containing 25 wt % solids showed shear-thinning non-Newtonian behavior. The coated powders showed significantly lower viscosities at low shear rates although the difference diminished at high shear rates. The lower viscosities shown by the coated powders indicate that the surface modification facilitated the break-up of agglomerates and the dispersion of individual particles in the fluid.

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Charring of fire retarded ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer — magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate formulations

Cited by 161 publications

References 9 publications

Synergistic flame retardant effects between sepiolite and magnesium hydroxide in ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) matrix

Synergistic flame retardant effects between sepiolite and magnesium hydroxide in ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) matrix

The thermal degradation of poly(vinyl acetate) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate), Part I: Experimental study of the degradation mechanism

The influence of stearic acid coating on the properties of magnesium hydroxide, hydromagnesite, and hydrotalcite powders

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