We present an analysis of the mass of the Xð3872Þ reconstructed via its decay to J=c þ À using 2:4 fb À1 of integrated luminosity from p " p collisions at ffiffi ffi s p ¼ 1:96 TeV, collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The possible existence of two nearby mass states is investigated. Within the limits of our experimental resolution the data are consistent with a single state, and having no evidence for two states we set upper limits on the mass difference between two hypothetical states for different assumed ratios of contributions to the observed peak. For equal contributions, the 95% confidence level PRL 103, 152001 (2009
) P H Y S I C A L R E V I E W L E T T E R S week ending 9 OCTOBER 2009152001-3 upper limit on the mass difference is 3:6 MeV=c 2 . Under the single-state model the Xð3872Þ mass is measured to be 3871:61 AE 0:16ðstatÞ AE 0:19ðsystÞ MeV=c 2 , which is the most precise determination to date. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.152001 PACS numbers: 14.40.Gx, 12.39.Mk, 13.25.Gv The discovery of the Xð3872Þ [1,2] and many additional unexpected states [3] has revived general interest in spectroscopy in the charmonium mass region. Initial attempts to explain the Xð3872Þ as a conventional bound state of a c quark and an anti-c quark have shortcomings [4] which triggered the development of unconventional explanations. Two popular models are a molecular state composed of D 0 and " D Ã0 mesons [5,6], and a four-quark state [7]. In an effort to resolve the nature of Xð3872Þ, several of its properties have been measured. The first determinations of its mass [1,2,8,9] resulted in values very close to the D 0 " D Ã0 mass threshold. The observed width in these measurements was compatible with zero. Studies of the Xð3872Þ production properties in p " p collisions [8,10] suggest that the production mechanisms are similar to those for the c ð2SÞ charmonium state. Several measurements constrained the quantum numbers spin (J), parity (P), and charge-conjugation parity (C) of the Xð3872Þ. These include evidence for the decay modes Xð3872Þ ! J=c , J=c !, and c ð2SÞ [11], and a measurement of the mass distribution of the dipions from the Xð3872Þ ! J=c þ À decay [12]. These measurements indicate an even C parity. A subsequent angular analysis constrained the quantum numbers to only two possibilities, J PC ¼ 1 þþ or 2 Àþ [13]. A possible further decay mode of the Xð3872Þ was identified as a peak near threshold in the D 0 " D 0 0 invariant mass spectrum [14] with a mean mass more than 3 MeV=c 2 above measurements in the J=c þ À mode. Despite efforts on both the experimental and theoretical sides, the nature of the Xð3872Þ still remains an unresolved puzzle.A measurement of the Xð3872Þ mass with increased precision can provide crucial information for understanding its nature. Under the hypothesis of a molecular state the mass of the Xð3872Þ has to be lower than the sum of the D 0 and " D Ã0 masses. The four-quark state hypothesis predicts the existence of two distinct particles that differ by the lig...