Charles Bonnet Syndrome: Two Case Reports

Atypical Charles Bonnet syndrome secondary to frontal meningioma: a case report

“…Hallucinations come on suddenly and can be simple or complex. The simple ones are usually composed of flashes of light, figures with simple contours and squared or branched patterns; while complex ones are vivid, elaborate and repetitive; the most frequent correspond to people, faces, animals, plants and objects [ 1 , 3 ]. Although characteristically the alterations are usually visual, a variant is also known in which auditory alterations occur concomitantly [ 4 , 8 ].…”

“…The most accepted theory regarding the hallucinatory phenomenon is known as the Sensory Deprivation Theory and explains how the lack of visual stimuli as a consequence of an injury or deficit causes an activation of the visual cortex by a change in its excitability, thus creating the characteristic hallucinations [ 1 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 10 ].…”

“…There is no consensus for its definition, however, it is agreed that it presents with visual hallucinations in patients with previous alterations of the optic pathway, characteristically preserving the awareness of the reality, either partially or totally [ 3 , 4 ]. By preserving the judgment of these visual abnormalities, it is said that one is facing the phenomenon called hallucinosis [ 3 ].…”

A 61-Year-Old Inpatient with Visual Hallucinations and Agitation

“…Complex hallucinations involve images of people, objects, or specific scenes, and are often seen in patients with Lewy body dementia, migraine, epileptic phenomenon, Parkinson's disease that is being treated, or peduncular hallucinations that occur due to brain stem damage or delirium tremens. 3,5 To properly diagnose the condition, clinicians need to take complete histories and refer patients for an eye examination. Hallucinations in CBS occur more often with the eyes open than closed.…”

Cutaneous Sporothrix schenckii of the Human Eyelid

“…5 Age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, dense cataracts, and glaucoma are the traditional underlying ocular pathologies that result in CBS visual hallucinations. While CBS is typically described in chronic visual disturbances, cases have been reported in acquired visual defects following neurosurgical procedures, 6,7 occipital lobe infarction, 8 enucleation, 9,10 temporal arteritis, 11,12 central nervous system tumors with and without optic nerve involvement, [13][14][15] acute anemia, 16 and multiple sclerosis. [17][18][19][20] In cases of acute visual deficits, CBS symptoms may develop immediately or with a latency of several days to months.…”