Charging protocols for lithium-ion batteries and their impact on cycle life—An experimental study with different 18650 high-power cells

Keil, Peter; Jossen, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.est.2016.02.005

Cited by 295 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This confirms that when using identical C-rates for cells of the same size, cells with a higher energy content may be penalized for their higher capacity. 33 Consequently, identical absolute current values were preferred in this aging study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calendar Aging of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Keil

Schuster

Wilhelm

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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397

273

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In this study, the calendar aging of lithium-ion batteries is investigated at different temperatures for 16 states of charge (SoCs) from 0 to 100%. Three types of 18650 lithium-ion cells, containing different cathode materials, have been examined. Our study demonstrates that calendar aging does not increase steadily with the SoC. Instead, plateau regions, covering SoC intervals of more than 20%-30% of the cell capacity, are observed wherein the capacity fade is similar. Differential voltage analyses confirm that the capacity fade is mainly caused by a shift in the electrode balancing. Furthermore, our study reveals the high impact of the graphite electrode on calendar aging. Lower anode potentials, which aggravate electrolyte reduction and thus promote solid electrolyte interphase growth, have been identified as the main driver of capacity fade during storage. In the high SoC regime where the graphite anode is lithiated more than 50%, the low anode potential accelerates the loss of cyclable lithium, which in turn distorts the electrode balancing. Aging mechanisms induced by high cell potential, such as electrolyte oxidation or transition-metal dissolution, seem to play only a minor role. To maximize battery life, high storage SoCs corresponding to low anode potential should be avoided.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calendar Aging of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Keil

Schuster

Wilhelm

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

Self Cite

397

273

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show abstract

“…It has been confirmed for various cell compositions, that accelerated discharging and particularly charging of LIB may lead to enhanced capacity fade [68]. In order to confirm a model validity for applications with real operating conditions, static and dynamic validation experiments can be used as has been described in detail elsewhere [69].…”

Section: Usage State-cycle Aging Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids

et al. 2017

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Battery energy storage systems have gained increasing interest for serving grid support in various application tasks. In particular, systems based on lithium-ion batteries have evolved rapidly with a wide range of cell technologies and system architectures available on the market. On the application side, different tasks for storage deployment demand distinct properties of the storage system. This review aims to serve as a guideline for best choice of battery technology, system design and operation for lithium-ion based storage systems to match a specific system application. Starting with an overview to lithium-ion battery technologies and their characteristics with respect to performance and aging, the storage system design is analyzed in detail based on an evaluation of real-world projects. Typical storage system applications are grouped and classified with respect to the challenges posed to the battery system. Publicly available modeling tools for technical and economic analysis are presented. A brief analysis of optimization approaches aims to point out challenges and potential solution techniques for system sizing, positioning and dispatch operation. For all areas reviewed herein, expected improvements and possible future developments are highlighted. In order to extract the full potential of stationary battery storage systems and to enable increased profitability of systems, future research should aim to a holistic system level approach combining not only performance tuning on a battery cell level and careful analysis of the application requirements, but also consider a proper selection of storage sub-components as well as an optimized system operation strategy.

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“…The research was conducted in several stages: disassembling the casing of the used laptop battery, analyzing the physical feasibility, cleaning the welding point of positive and negative poles of the battery to remove any toxic materials (Fu et al, 2015), measuring the voltage, charging and draining the battery content (Keil & Jossen, 2016), analyzing temperature when power charging from electric outlet to power bank (Waldmann & Wohlfahrt-Mehrens, 2017) "ISSN": "00134686", "abstract": "During charging at low temperatures, metallic Lithium can be deposited on the surface of graphite anodes of Li-ion cells. This Li plating does not only lead to fast capacity fade, it can also impair the safety behavior.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Power Bank Fitted with Recycled Laptop Batteries

Hartono

Sunarno

Sarwanto

2017

JPII

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The result of observation at Science Laboratory of State Vocational High School 3 of Surakarta shows that the power capacity of power bank fitted with recycled laptop batteries was not tested. Power bank test was conducted by preparing used laptop batteries type 18650 from its packaging for a total of five cells, selecting batteries based on their physical appearance, cleaning the pole connections, testing the voltage, testing temperature when power charging from electric outlet to power bank, testing the power drain, testing the power capacity without load, charging in the case, testing the module when power charging from electric outlet to power bank, testing the power capacity level indicator, testing power charging from power bank to recharged device, installing the power bank analyzer, and recording voltage measurement results, electric current flowing, duration of time needed to charge, and power capacity left after charging. The electric load used was a 1.2 watt LED lamp. After that, the calculation of battery power capacity was conducted, in accordance with the technical specification listed in the power, then compared to the result of test of power capacity stored in recycled power bank. Based on the result of technical specification calculation, the power bank produced had a power capacity of 50.000 watt hours. Meanwhile, in the experiment with LED lamp electric load, the power bank had a power capacity of 44.6756 watt hours. The comparison of power capacity between the technical specification and the experiment shows that the recycled power bank had performance of 89.4%. Thus, recycled power bank met the requirement of feasibility to be learning media of physics project.

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Charging protocols for lithium-ion batteries and their impact on cycle life—An experimental study with different 18650 high-power cells

Cited by 295 publications

References 61 publications

Calendar Aging of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Calendar Aging of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids

Performance Analysis of Power Bank Fitted with Recycled Laptop Batteries

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