Charged-Particle Multiplicity Distribution from 200-GeV<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>pp</mml:mi></mml:math>Interactions

Charlton, G.; Cho, Y.; Derrick, M.; Engelmann, R.; Fields, T.; Hyman, L.; Jaeger, Karl‐Erich; Mehtani, U.; Musgrave, B.; Oren, Y.; Rhines, D.; Schreiner, P.; Yuta, H.; Voyvodic, L.; Walker, R. J.; Whitmore, J.; Crawley, H. B.; Zhang, Ming; Glasser, R. G.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.29.515

Cited by 198 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This differential distribution is further compared with the 200-GeV p-p normalized data from the bubble chamber. 7 We see that both the distributions for the hydrogen bubble chamber and N h = 0 are identical and are symmetrical about the center of mass (C). For N h >&, the distribution is unsymmetric and the whole excess in the multiplicity appears in the target hemisphere which is not explained by the cascade models.…”

Section: (A) Is Shown the Ratio R B = (N S ) E /{N S ) E As A Functiomentioning

confidence: 89%

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Observation of Nuclear Transparency in Proton-Nucleus Collisions at 200 GeV

et al. 1974

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Proton-nucleus interactions in nuclear emulsion from a 200-GeV proton beam at the National Accelerator Laboratory have been studied in terms of multiplicities and the angular distributions of shower particles. Low multiplicities observed in complex nuclei do not depend upon the size or the excitation of the target nuclei. Our experimental results are explained in terms of the energy-flux cascade model and not by intranuclear cascade models.Recent results of rising total cross sections, large p t events, leading particle effects, and clustering of secondaries determined at the energies of the National Accelerator Laboratory and the intersecting storage rings had already been observed in earlier cosmic-ray experiments. Cosmic-ray studies had also revealed that the multiplicity, transverse momentum, and angular distribution of secondaries have weak dependence on the primary energy as well as on the size of the target nucleus, and they do not follow the predictions of the calculations of the intranuclear cascade models. Because of the revival of interest in hadron-nucleus interactions, we present here the results of 200-GeV proton-nucleus interactions in nuclear emulsion and compare them with 16-, * 28-, 2 300-, and 1000-GeV 3 data from our laboratory. We feel that these studies will not only be helpful in understanding the nucleonnucleus collisions but also they will contribute significantly in understanding better the nucleonnucleon interactions.The details of the exposure for this experiment were discussed earlier 4 where we presented the analysis of events with only N h = 0 or 1 (N h denotes the number of heavy tracks 5 with /3 ^ 0.7). We scanned 713.4 m of track length by an along-thetrack scanning method and observed 2293 interactions, out of which we present here the analysis of 1243 events with^>l. In Fig. 1(a) is shown the behavior of (N h ) observed in nuclear emulsion as a function of primary energy. 6 We see that at lower energies (N h ) increases with energy, and at energy > 6 GeV there seems to be a decreasing tendency, approaching an asymptotic value of ~7.5. This is in contradiction to the intranuclear cascade mechanism. In Fig.

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Section: (A) Is Shown the Ratio R B = (N S ) E /{N S ) E As A Functiomentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The 200-GeV curve when extrapolated has an intercept value at 1^=0 of <» s )>~8.0 which is close to 7.68 ±0.11, the one observed at 200 GeV for p-p interactions in a bubble chamber. 7 Another interesting characteristic of the multiplicity in the target nucleus A is the ratio…”

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confidence: 99%

Observation of Nuclear Transparency in Proton-Nucleus Collisions at 200 GeV

et al. 1974

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“…An event was accepted for analysis interactions at 360 GeV/ c [EHS [22]) and of 6 082 pp-, 36 317 K*p-and 102 079 7r+p pp interactions at 205 GeV/c (FNAL Bubble Chamber filled with H2 [21]), 33 228 pp…”

Section: < 2 > O C R O U T P U Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of spike production in pp and π+p/K+p interactions at 205–360 GeV/c

et al. 1996

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“…The final values for OT are quoted in the seventh column of Table 2 4) [5][6][7] and are shown in Fig. 3, together with values from Serpukhov…”

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confidence: 99%

Measurement of the total proton-proton cross-section at the ISR

et al. 1973

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We present the first results of a measurement of the total crosssection OT in proton-proton collisions at equivalent laboratory momenta between 291 and 1480 GeV/c at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR).The method is based on the measurement of the ratio of the total interact ion rate and the machine luminosity. The data show an increase of about 10% in OT in this energy interval. The simplest and most fundamental measure of the size of the proton as observed in very high energy p-p collisions is the total cross-section.The lower energy accelerator data have resulted in the expectation that CTT should remain essentially constant through the ISR energies, and much of the phenomenological description of strong interactions in the ISR range has been based on the notion that we have nearly reached the energyindependent regime of hadron physics. In this paper we report a measurement of CTT at four energies and find that there is an appreciable increase between 291 and 1480 GeV/c equivalent laboratory momentum.At a machine with two colliidng beams, one cannot measure CTT with a traditional transmission experiment. We instead find CTT from the detected rate RT of all interactions through the expressionwhere L is the luminosity of the beams. The luminosity represents the overlap of the two beam fluxes in the intersection region, and replaces the product of beam intensity times number of targets/cm 2 in a conventional transmission experiment. In terms of the ISR parameters, where I 1 and I 2 are the beam currents, e is the charge of the proton, c the velocity of light, and a the crossing angle of the two beams. The effective height heff is defined in terms of integrals over the direction (vertical) perpendicular to the plane of the two beams, asHere p 1 and p 2 are the beam densities as a function of z, the vertical coordinate. Inasmuch as all parameters in Eq. (2) except heff are known or measured during ISR operation to better than 0.1%, the determination of heff becomes the most delicate task in measuring L.In the present letter, a brief description of the experimental apparatus and most relevant information on the procedure followed to measure CTT are given. More details, both on the detectors and on the data reduction, can be found in a forthcoming paper 1 ).-2 -The general layout of the experiment is shown in Fig. 1 (Fig. 2a). narrowed to an elliptical cross-section (see Fig. 2c). These hodoscopes are treated logically as small-angle elements of (H 3 • H 4 ) .In order to measure the emission angle of the produced particles, used to calculate the fraction of events lost by the trigger (see below), two additional hodoscopes H 2 8 and H 4 8 are set behind the trigger hodoscopes H 2 and H,+. The structure of these counters is shown in Fig. 2d. The Lhodoscope is also split into approximate 8-bins (see Fig. 2b).When a trigger occurs, the information pertinent to an event is transferred to an on-line computer via a CAMAC data acquisition system. This

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Charged-Particle Multiplicity Distribution from 200-GeVppInteractions

Cited by 198 publications

References 12 publications

Observation of Nuclear Transparency in Proton-Nucleus Collisions at 200 GeV

Observation of Nuclear Transparency in Proton-Nucleus Collisions at 200 GeV

Comparison of spike production in pp and π+p/K+p interactions at 205–360 GeV/c

Measurement of the total proton-proton cross-section at the ISR

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