Charge convertible biomimetic micellar nanoparticles for enhanced melanoma-targeted therapy through tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages dual chemotherapy with IDO immunotherapy
“…HMGB1 can promote antigen presentation and the maturation of dendritic cells as a TLR agonist [44]. Meanwhile ATP can act as " nd me" signal to promote P2RY2 activation and dendritic cell recruitment into "ICD" sites [45]. Figure 4C and 4F demonstrated that PTX@PoxMTP NPs augmented HMGB1 and ATP release, 1.12-and 1.1-fold higher than that of free drug in MDA-MB-231 cells.…”
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy. However, the therapeutic efficacy has been distracted due to poor immunogenicity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this study, a self-augmented reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsive nanocarrier with immunogenic inducer paclitaxel (PTX) and indoleamine 2,3-dixoygenase 1 (IDO1) blocker 1-methyl-D, L-tryptophan (1-MT) co-entrapment was developed for tumor rejection. The carrier was composed of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) as hydrophilic segments, enzyme cleavable 1-MT ester and ROS-sensitive peroxalate conjugation as hydrophobic blocks. The copolymer could self-assemble into prodrug-based nanoparticles with PTX, realizing a positive feedback loop of ROS-accelerated PTX release and PTX induced ROS generation. Our nanoparticles presented efficient immunogenic cell death (ICD) which provoked antitumor immune responses with high effector T cells infiltration. Meanwhile immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment was simultaneously modulated with reduced regulatory T cells (Tregs) and M2-tumor associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) infiltration mediated by IDO inhibition. The combination of PTX and 1-MT achieved significant primary tumor regression and reduction of lung metastasis in 4T1 tumor bearing mice. Therefore, the above results demonstrated co-delivery of immunogenic inducer and IDO inhibitor using the ROS amplifying nanoplatform with potent potential for tumor chemoimmunotherapy.
“…HMGB1 can promote antigen presentation and the maturation of dendritic cells as a TLR agonist [44]. Meanwhile ATP can act as " nd me" signal to promote P2RY2 activation and dendritic cell recruitment into "ICD" sites [45]. Figure 4C and 4F demonstrated that PTX@PoxMTP NPs augmented HMGB1 and ATP release, 1.12-and 1.1-fold higher than that of free drug in MDA-MB-231 cells.…”
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy. However, the therapeutic efficacy has been distracted due to poor immunogenicity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this study, a self-augmented reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsive nanocarrier with immunogenic inducer paclitaxel (PTX) and indoleamine 2,3-dixoygenase 1 (IDO1) blocker 1-methyl-D, L-tryptophan (1-MT) co-entrapment was developed for tumor rejection. The carrier was composed of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) as hydrophilic segments, enzyme cleavable 1-MT ester and ROS-sensitive peroxalate conjugation as hydrophobic blocks. The copolymer could self-assemble into prodrug-based nanoparticles with PTX, realizing a positive feedback loop of ROS-accelerated PTX release and PTX induced ROS generation. Our nanoparticles presented efficient immunogenic cell death (ICD) which provoked antitumor immune responses with high effector T cells infiltration. Meanwhile immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment was simultaneously modulated with reduced regulatory T cells (Tregs) and M2-tumor associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) infiltration mediated by IDO inhibition. The combination of PTX and 1-MT achieved significant primary tumor regression and reduction of lung metastasis in 4T1 tumor bearing mice. Therefore, the above results demonstrated co-delivery of immunogenic inducer and IDO inhibitor using the ROS amplifying nanoplatform with potent potential for tumor chemoimmunotherapy.
“…354 Furthermore, pre-occupying the sites in the liver reticuloendothelial system is another approach to improving active targeting and bioavailability of drugs. 355 In summary, these active targeting strategies, such as cancer nanovaccines targeting lymph nodes and radiosensitizers or nanoimmunomodulators targeting the TME, [356][357][358] could enhance the accumulation of the nanomedicines to exert their biological effects.…”
Section: Overcoming Resistance To Radio-immunotherapymentioning
“…28 Therefore, reversing M2-TAMs to M1-TAMs or eliminating M2-TAMs using modulatory or chemotherapeutic agents has been proven to be a promising strategy for tumor immunotherapy. 29 In addition to modulating Tregs and MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment, the regulation of TAMs is also important for antitumor immunotherapy, which account for up to 50% of tumor tissue. DOX, IND, and the other formulations might modulate the number of infiltrating TAMs, and measurements were performed.…”
Immunotherapy using host immunity has emerged as a powerful therapeutic strategy in tumor treatment. However, facilitating immune system against tumor often fails to obtain a durable immune response due to...
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