Charcoal-based mouthwashes: a literature review

Brooks, John K; Bashirelahi, Nasir; Hsia, Ru-ching

doi:10.1038/s41407-020-0294-0

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Despite this initial whitening effect, it should be noticed that, after 3600 cycles of tooth brushing, the whiteness index of CP significantly decreased. This effect could be due to the presence of traces of activated charcoal on the enamel surface, which can lead to staining 36 . This effect could be verified by individually analyzing the L * parameter of the CIE L * a * b scale, where the decrease observed indicates a gray tone of the specimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

In vitro efficacy of commercial and experimental proteolytic enzyme‐based whitening dentifrices on enamel whitening and superficial roughness

Schwarzbold

Cuevas‐Suárez

Pacheco

et al. 2020

J Esthet Restor Dent

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Objective To evaluate the whiteness index (WID) and surface roughness (Ra) of bovine enamel after simulated tooth brushing with different commercial and experimental whitening dentifrices. Materials and Methods Cylindrical enamel bovine specimens were acid etched, stained, and divided in nine groups (n = 8): Colgate® Optic White®, Crest® Baking Soda and Peroxide, Arm and Hammer® Advanced White™ Extreme Whitening, Rembrandt® Deeply White® + Peroxide, Close up® White Attraction Natural Glow, Hinode Prowhite, and experimental dentifrice containing papain (PP), bromelain (PB), or papain and bromelain (PPB). Ra and WID were obtained initially and after 600, 1200, and 3,600 cycles of simulated tooth brushing. Data were analyzed using two‐way analysis of variance test (α = 0.05). Results Ra was significantly influenced by both dentifrice (p = 0.043) and period of tooth‐brushing simulation (p < 0.001). Except for PP and PPB, all groups showed a statistically significant increase in Ra after simulated tooth brushing. After staining and brushing, none of the materials tested increased the initial WID. Conclusions The effect of commercial whitening dentifrices may be related to their high abrasiveness. Experimental formulations tested provided a similar effect without undesired wear of enamel. Whitening dentifrices only act through an abrasive effect rather than bleaching the tooth structures. When used, special care must be taken for avoid undesired wear of enamel. Experimental dentifrices provided similar removal of extrinsic stains without undesired abrasiveness; however, this effect may be due to the use of less aggressive abrasives in their formulations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

In vitro efficacy of commercial and experimental proteolytic enzyme‐based whitening dentifrices on enamel whitening and superficial roughness

Schwarzbold

Cuevas‐Suárez

Pacheco

et al. 2020

J Esthet Restor Dent

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“…Activated charcoal has a highly porous and high surface area, so it can provide effective and gradual cleaning of the teeth. However, it is stated that there is not enough evidence regarding the effectiveness of whitening the activated charcoal used in toothpaste and mouthwashes in literature 13,37 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation the effects of whitening toothpastes on color change of resin‐based CAD/CAM blocks

Aydın

Karaoğlanoğlu

Oktay

2020

J Esthet Restor Dent

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Introduction Some colorant foods and beverages cause undesired discoloration on dental restorations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of whitening kinds of toothpaste with different active ingredients on the color change of resin‐based CAD/CAM blocks. Material and methods In the study, resin‐based CAD/CAM block samples sized 1.5 × 7 × 12 mm, were prepared. Then, to simulate the time‐dependent color change, the samples were immersed in coffee (Nescafe Classic, Nestlé) for 14 days. After the color change values of the samples colored in coffee were measured by spectrophotometer, the samples were brushed with different types of whitening toothpastes for 4 minutes. Statistical analysis of the color change (ΔE00) was performed using the one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results Color differences occurring on all resin‐based CAD/CAM blocks immersed in coffee for 14 days exceeded the 50%:50% perceptibility threshold (PT) (ΔE00:0.8). There was no statistical significant difference between the whitening toothpastes containing activated charcoal, hydrogen peroxide (HP), blue covarine pigment, and microparticles in color improvement on resin‐based CAD/CAM blocks (P > .05). Conclusion It has been verified that the discoloration on resin‐based CAD/CAM blocks exhibiting color difference above the PT after coffee immersion can be reduced by utilizing toothpastes containing whiteners. Clinical significance Color changes that occur over time in resin‐based CAD/CAM blocks can be a clinical problem. These color changes in the materials can be reduced below the PT level using whitening toothpastes.

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“…18 Furthermore, various tooth pastes and mouth wash contain charcoal and claim to offer tooth whitening which seemingly points to its abrasive property which favors in clearing stains. 19…”

Section: Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Not only this, charcoal containing mouthwashes have the potential to damage the aprismatic and subsurface enamel which results in severe tooth sensitivity and susceptibility to dental caries which can reverse its tooth whitening effect and instead cause tooth discoloration to tooth discoloration. 19 Furthermore, there are a number of charcoal containing beauty products that are not under the jurisdiction of FDA that contain chemicals which can cause allergies and irritation. There have also been reported cases of chemical burns due to the presence of allergic substances which then required the treatment of topical steroids.…”

Section: Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic uses of activated charcoal

Sajjad

Sarwar

Ali

et al. 2021

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Within the past few years, activated charcoal is being actively used in cosmetic products. Due to its adsorbing properties, it is being used in all sorts of beauty products from face masks to cleansers and even soaps. In the past, activated charcoal has been used as the treatment of poisoning but now with cosmetic companies claiming charcoal's aptness in treating skin blemishes, it has regained popularity. However, there is little to no clinical evidence to support these claims. In this study, we review the current use of activated charcoal in cosmetic products and its effectiveness. With limited research, its vigorous and unregulated use in over the counter beauty products can turn out to be unsafe. Although its use as an antidote for poisoning is evident, trials to confirm its effectiveness in treating skin conditions like acne, dark spots, dermatitis need to be prioritized to render it safe to be used in cosmetic products.

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Charcoal-based mouthwashes: a literature review

Abstract: describe the emerging use of charcoalbased oral hygiene products and look at the lack of evidence supporting their use for therapeutic or cosmetic improvement.

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

In vitro efficacy of commercial and experimental proteolytic enzyme‐based whitening dentifrices on enamel whitening and superficial roughness

In vitro efficacy of commercial and experimental proteolytic enzyme‐based whitening dentifrices on enamel whitening and superficial roughness

Investigation the effects of whitening toothpastes on color change of resin‐based CAD/CAM blocks

Cosmetic uses of activated charcoal

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