Characterizing thermal behaviors of various pavement materials and their thermal impacts on ambient environment

Wu, Hao; Sun, Beibei; Li, Zhe; Yu, Jing

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.182

Cited by 64 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Temperatures obtained with this experimental setup compare favorably with other laboratory-scale experiments as well as field observations conducted on an asphalt road structure in Paris over the summer of 2013 under similar weather conditions [8], [17], [18], [37]. In the field, for a pavement area receiving only 4.5 hours of direct sunlight per day and daily maximum air temperature of 35°C, pavement temperatures reached up to 55°C at the surface and 45°C 5 cm deep.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…A handful of studies are conducted in the lab and include a radiation source with a heat-up and cool-down period, i.e. day and night phases [17], [18]. The radiation source is an infrared lamp in both studies, neither of which control other climate conditions, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The radiation source is an infrared lamp in both studies, neither of which control other climate conditions, e.g. air temperature or humidity, though wind speed is controlled in one study [18]. Similarly, only single material layers up to 14 cm thick are considered and climate cycles are less than 24 hours long.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Which pavement structures are best suited to limiting the UHI effect? A laboratory-scale study of Parisian pavement structures

Hendel

Parison

Grados

et al. 2018

Building and Environment

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Paving materials can negatively impact the urban climate, but knowledge of the thermal and climatic behavior of multilayer urban structures is lacking, particularly under heatwave conditions. To this aim, a laboratory-scale experiment was developed to characterize pavement samples under heatwave conditions. Surface albedo and evapotranspiration are confirmed as the dominant parameters for surface heating. The thermal properties of the underlying layers of pavement structures also impact their behavior and contribution to the urban climate. In particular, the combination of high effusivity and diffusivity of the granite sidewalk structure allow it to exhibit "cool" behavior during the day and "hot" behavior at night despite its relatively high albedo. A solar transmission index is proposed, including both the radiative and the thermal properties of a structure's constitutive layers, to rank structures by their ability to transmit absorbed radiation in depth. Future work with the developed experimental platform will aim to evaluate the performance and optimize the watering method of pavement-watering for different kinds of pavement structures. Keywords: urban heat island; urban paving materials; thermal properties; heat waves Vz downwards conductive heat flux at depth z [W/m²] Subscript/superscript α albedo [-] emissivity [-] n layer n ref/up reflected or upwards z depth [m]

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Which pavement structures are best suited to limiting the UHI effect? A laboratory-scale study of Parisian pavement structures

Hendel

Parison

Grados

et al. 2018

Building and Environment

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“…These species need to have the ability to withstand extreme weather conditions, to be locally sourced and easily maintained and nurtured. According to the above, new indicators and tools will be used for the next "by design" phase, such as surface reflection, emissivity or friction coefficients for pavement materials [44][45][46][47]; research of the subjective comfort assessment using simulation tools for physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) and the standard effective temperature (SET) [48][49][50], combined with the results obtained from the surveys of the users of Jevrejska Street; and research in the domain of landscape horticulture and engineering that will focus on the issues of species selection and their characteristics and behaviour in extreme weather circumstances [51]. Also, the research should include other periods during the year-winter, spring, summer and autumn, and extreme summer and winter events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Improvement of the Comfort of Public Spaces as a Local Initiative in Coping with Climate Change

2019

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Being the vital element of successful cities, public spaces play an important role in achieving sustainable development goals and in coping with climate change. The new urban agenda considers public spaces indispensable for sustaining the productivity of cities, social cohesion and inclusion, civic identity, and quality of life. Accordingly, there is no doubt about the importance of public spaces, while their quality is generated through the symbiosis of various elements. On the basis of normative theories of urban design, several public space design frameworks have been established in order to define what makes a good public place. Such a framework for public space quality evaluation is developed and tested at the Chair for Planning and Design in Landscape Architecture at the University of Belgrade—Faculty of Forestry. The framework covers six criteria which illuminate key aspects of public spaces: safety and security, accessibility, legibility, comfort, inspiration and sensitivity and liveability. In this research, special attention is paid to the criteria of comfort analysed on two scale levels in Belgrade, Serbia. In the past, Belgrade was affected by extreme weather events that caused serious and sometimes disastrous consequences. The most pronounced challenges among them are heat waves in summer that, due to the shortage of vegetation combined with the proliferation of tarmac and concrete surfaces and reduced air ventilation, particularly threaten the densely populated central municipalities of Stari Grad, Savski Venac and Vracar. The first scale level covers the analysis of the public space network and the degree of establishment of green infrastructure in Lower Dorcol quartier, which is located in the Municipality of Stari Grad, using quantitative and qualitative indicators and GIS (Geographic Information System) digital tools. The aim of this study is to observe the actual state of the public space network and to define a future scenario of its development in line with climate change challenges. Jevrejska Street, as an element of the above-mentioned public space network, is the subject of the next phase of the research. The study on this scale level will cover qualitative and quantitative analysis of public space elements such as paving, urban equipment, greenery, lighting, water facilities, etc. Next to that, by using the ENVI Met platform, the actual and proposed improvement of the street will be explored. The final part of this research will include a discussion about the research methodology used in order to improve the public space design process and to point out the need for the careful consideration of comfort as an important aspect of good public space.

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“…Typically, more than 60% of urban surfaces are comprised of hard manufactured materials such as roof materials and paved surfaces [8]. Most studies of LE surface temperatures have examined asphalt and/or concrete which make up the greater proportion of the paved surfaces in urban public spaces [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. The studies have generally concluded that asphalt, being of a darker colour (lower albedo), absorbs more solar radiation than concrete and thus has a higher surface temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Diurnal Surface Temperatures of Urban Landscape Elements

Loveday

Byrne

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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In the context of the Urban Heat Island effect, landscape professionals need practical guidance to design for managing surface urban heat. The apparent surface temperatures of samples of 19 hard and soft landscape elements (LEs) found in Perth (Australia) were measured. Thermal images of LE samples on an oval were taken at a 1 m height. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 LE surface temperatures relative to ambient (ΔT) were measured over one day in all four seasons. LEs were ranked by average ΔT, and maintained a similar order across seasons, with summer LEs the hottest. Some LEs were 30–44 °C above ambient in spring and autumn, so these seasons are also significant. Phase 2 repeated the summer test, but used only 14 larger LEs, which were well-coupled to the ground, i.e. more representative of in situ LEs. ΔT values were averaged over daytime and evening periods. Larger LEs were generally hotter than corresponding smaller LEs, with the effect more evident for heavier, denser LEs in the evenings. Future tests should be performed as per phase 2. Averaged measured values of grey pavers were the hottest, whilst ground-cover plants were the coolest. In the evening, grey pavers were also the hottest, whilst decking, soil and turf grass were the coolest. This data will help landscape professionals to assess and compare the thermal performance of different landscape designs, particularly when considering the time of use.

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Characterizing thermal behaviors of various pavement materials and their thermal impacts on ambient environment

Cited by 64 publications

References 30 publications

Which pavement structures are best suited to limiting the UHI effect? A laboratory-scale study of Parisian pavement structures

Which pavement structures are best suited to limiting the UHI effect? A laboratory-scale study of Parisian pavement structures

The Improvement of the Comfort of Public Spaces as a Local Initiative in Coping with Climate Change

Seasonal and Diurnal Surface Temperatures of Urban Landscape Elements

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