“…It has been reported that hydrophobic modifications of cationic polymer, lipid and chitosan could assist better transfection capability as an optimal substitution (Chae, Son, Lee, Jang, & Nah, 2005;Doody, Korley, Dang, Zawaneh, & Putnam, 2006). This is expected due to increasing cell membrane/carrier interactions or the destabilization of the cell membranes, easier DNA unpacking from carriers and increasing of entry into cells, facilitation of endocytic uptake, and increasing of escape of complexes from endosome (Chae et al, 2005;Doody et al, 2006;Tian et al, 2007). In the present study, the introduction of N,N-dimethylaminocinnamyl and N,N-dimethylaminobenzyl moieties into the Ch backbone was expected to enhance the hydrophobicity of the carriers.…”