Characterizing the change of land-use based on flora: application for EIA and LCA

Why Include Impacts on Biodiversity from Land Use in LCIA and How to Select Useful Indicators?

“…Which one of these gives the "right" answer depends on some initial choices [21]. Vogtländer et al [72] argue that "rareness" is a better indicator for botanical value than "richness", but again, this is not a universally valid argument; it is context dependent.…”

“…Lindeijer [69] argues that local biodiversity expresses the intrinsic value of a region, and Schmidt [85] suggests a link between the number of species and evolutionary age and that areas with a longer evolutionary time should be given higher scores on biodiversity value. Vogtländer et al [72] argue that the main issue is to preserve "valuable" species, and that a higher quantity might be one strategy to achieve this, while Bare et al [73] only include the number of threatened and endangered species, since their focus is on the potential of species extinction, and thus, they do not take common species into account. de Baan et al [92,95] also focus on potential species extinction and have chosen absolute numbers for global comparisons.…”

“…Some proposals focus on rarity (e.g., [72,84,95,125]) and give an increasing weight to more rare species and/or structures, but if characterization factors are to change, this means that these have to be continuously updated or calculated for each case. The latter is done by Coelho and Michelsen [90], who calculated values for ecosystem vulnerability based on present levels of native vegetation in the areas in focus.…”

Semi-Urban Areas in Landscape Research: A Review

“…While, on the one hand, this increase in green biomass could be an improvement when considering it as pure 'biomass' and carbon dioxide storage (Bjerke et al, 2006;McDonnell et al, 1997;Platt, 2004;Yokohari et al, 2000), this is not always the case when discussing biodiversity. Gardens and parks possess large amounts of exotic plant species and thus not only introduce non-native species, but also increase competition between exotic and native plant species, in some cases resulting in a decrease of native flora as well as native fauna ecologically linked to those native species (Alberti, 2005;Gallent et al, 2004;McKinney, 2002;Niemelä, 1999;Pauchard et al, 2006;Savard et al, 2000;Theobald, 2004;Vogtländer et al, 2004). Extensive research has been done on biodiversity in and around gardens in the Urban Domestic Gardens research in, for example, the Sheffield region, U.K. (Gaston et al, 2005a,b;Loram et al, 2007;Smith et al, 2005Smith et al, , 2006 The important role of public green in the urban ecology debate for sustainable cities can be found in studies of biodiversity in parks (Cornelis and Hermy, 2004;Hermy and Cornelis, 2000) and their role as buffers, social important locations, and landscape connectors (Angel et al, 2005;Bjerke et al, 2006;Countryside Agency Research Programme, 2002;Chiesura, 2004;Niemelä, 1999).…”

Adequação às condições brasileiras de modelo de caracterização para a categoria de impacto uso do solo.

“…Trabalhos recentes (GOEDKOOP; SPRIENSMA, 2001;LINDEIJER, 2000b;MICHELSEN, 1998;MILA I CANALS, 2003;SCHMIDT, 2008;VOGTLÄNDER, 2004) ressaltam a importância da definição de indicadores adicionalmente as alterações nas propriedades do solo causadas pelo tipo de ocupação e transformação que este sofre, assim como o tempo no qual acontecem estas atividades.…”