Characterizing social environment's association with neurocognition using census and crime data linked to the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

Moore, Tyler M.; Martin, Iman K.; Gur, Oren M.; Jackson, Chad; Scott, J. Cobb; Calkins, Monica E.; Ruparel, Kosha; Port, Allison M.; Nivar, Isoris; Krinsky, Hannah; Gur, Raquel E.

doi:10.1017/s0033291715002111

Cited by 64 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…In addition, information about parental characteristics was somewhat limited, but our adjustment for social disadvantage (e.g., poverty, crowding, crime) in the models, even though not an individual-level variable, can inform potential social environmental factors on these conditions in youth. 27 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Characterization of the social environment is described in detail in Moore et al 27 Briefly, we linked participant address information to 2010 census and crime data, and then completed exploratory factor analysis to derive social and criminal dimensions of participants’ environments. These were used to calculate environment-level scores, and were merged with individual-level variables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parental Age and Offspring Psychopathology in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

Merikangas

Calkins

Bilker

et al. 2017

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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Objective Increasing evidence implicates advanced paternal age at offspring birth in neuropsychiatric disorders. Advanced maternal age has also been associated with schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental disorders, whereas younger maternal age has been linked with behavioral disorders. Few studies have considered the specificity of the associations with respect to comorbidity. In addition, most prior studies have been conducted in clinical samples or registries that may reflect more severe forms of psychopathology. The aim of this research is to examine the independent and joint associations of maternal and paternal age with specific subtypes of psychopathology in offspring in a pediatric sample of adolescents with emergent psychiatric syndromes. Method 8,725 youths (age 8–21) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort were included in the analyses. Logistic regression models with parental age predicting offspring psychopathology were adjusted for sociodemographic factors and comorbid disorders. Results We found that younger parental ages were generally associated with increased rates of offspring psychopathology. After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidity, both younger maternal and paternal ages were associated with behavior syndromes and psychosis in youth, whereas advanced paternal age was associated with pervasive developmental disorders/autism spectrum disorder (PDD/ASD). Conclusion These findings suggest that both younger and older parental age at birth are associated with specific forms of psychopathology in offspring. The persistence of the influence of parental age after control for demographic factors and an index of social environment suggests that additional explanations for these findings should be examined in future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Age and Offspring Psychopathology in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

Merikangas

Calkins

Bilker

et al. 2017

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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“…This community cohort is racially (56% Caucasian, 33% African American and 11% other) and socioeconomically diverse (Moore et al, 2016). From the remaining pool (N = 13,598), 2,699 declined to participate, 1,401 were excluded, and 9,498 youths were enrolled.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the remaining pool (N = 13,598), 2,699 declined to participate, 1,401 were excluded, and 9,498 youths were enrolled. This community cohort is racially (56% Caucasian, 33% African American and 11% other) and socioeconomically diverse (Moore et al, 2016). The clinical assessment was administered to caregivers or legal guardians, who were considered collateral informants, for participants ages 8-10; to probands and collateral informants for probands ages 11-17; and to probands for participants ages 18-21.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between early‐life trauma and obsessive compulsive symptoms in community youth

et al. 2019

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Background: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in youth are common, have heterogeneous manifestations, and have been shown to be associated with serious psychopathology. While early-life trauma exposure is associated with increased risk for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), its association with different OCS and its clinical relevance for serious psychopathology is unclear. Here we aimed to evaluate associations among traumatic stressful events (TSE), OCS, and serious psychiatric conditions in community youth. Methods:We studied nonmental-help seeking youths from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (N = 7054, aged 11-21, 54% females, 52% prepubertal), assessed for lifetime TSE exposure and OCS. Regression models investigated crosssectional associations of TSEs with OCS, and associations with depression, suicide ideation and psychosis. Models examined sex and puberty effects, controlling for age and socioeconomic status.Results: Trauma exposure was associated with higher OCS rates, especially in females (Trauma × Sex interaction Wald = 7.93, p = 0.005) and prepuberty (Trauma × Puberty interaction Wald = 7.68, p = 0.006). TSEs were associated with all OCS manifestations, most prominently with bad intrusive thoughts (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63). Assaultive TSEs, especially sexual assault, showed stronger associations with OCS compared with nonassaultive TSEs. While TSEs and OCS were independently associated with depression, suicide ideation, and psychosis, a significant interaction was observed only in association with increased rates of psychosis (Trauma × OCS interaction Wald = 5.08, p = 0.024). Conclusion:Early-life trauma is associated with OCS in a dose-response manner, more so in females and prepuberty. The trauma-OCS association varied by load, type of trauma, and by OCS subtypes. Trauma-OCS appears a detrimental combination in association with psychosis. K E Y W O R D S child/adolescent, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, stress, suicide, trauma Depress Anxiety. 2019;36:586-595. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/da 586 |

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“…The variables obtained from census data were factor analyzed and reduced to two factors: socioeconomic status (SES) and household environment (Moore et al, 2016). The SES factor reflects percent of residents in poverty, median family income, and percent of residents who are married.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correspondence between adolescent and informant reports of substance use: Findings from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

Jones

Scott

Calkins

et al. 2017

Addictive Behaviors

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Inclusion of collateral informant reports is common in adolescent psychopathology research and clinical assessment, yet few studies have examined agreement on ratings of adolescent substance use or factors that may be associated with reporter agreement. The present study aimed to extend prior work on the correspondence between adolescent and informant reports of adolescent substance use with data from a large (n=5,214), diverse, community-based sample of youth aged 11–17 (mean age=14.53, SD=1.98; 52% female). Specifically, we examined: (a) agreement between adolescent and collateral informant reports of adolescent use of alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, inhalants, and stimulants and (b) potential correlates of reporter agreement. Agreement ranged from low (κ=.007, p=.053) for inhalant use to moderate (κ=.414, p<.001) for marijuana use. Disagreements were mainly driven by collateral underestimation of adolescent substance use. Older adolescent age was associated with poorer agreement across all substances (Odds Ratios [ORs] ≤ .80, ps<.05) except inhalants (OR=1.28, p<.001). Reporter agreement on alcohol and marijuana use was lower for male than female adolescents (ORs≤.85, ps<.05). Adolescent psychopathology was associated with poorer agreement on all substances (ORs≤.62, ps<.01). For alcohol and marijuana, past year frequency of use was associated with better reporter agreement (ORs≥1.54, ps<.001). For marijuana, older age at first use was related to poorer agreement (OR=.81, p=.01). Our results suggest that collateral reports of adolescent substance use may be ineffective proxies for adolescent self-reports in community samples, particularly for low base rate substances. Findings also highlight important factors to consider when collecting substance use information from multiple informants.

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Characterizing social environment's association with neurocognition using census and crime data linked to the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

Cited by 64 publications

References 46 publications

Parental Age and Offspring Psychopathology in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

Parental Age and Offspring Psychopathology in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

Association between early‐life trauma and obsessive compulsive symptoms in community youth

Correspondence between adolescent and informant reports of substance use: Findings from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

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