Characterizing polar mobilities to understand the role of weather, water, ice and climate (WWIC) information

Stewart, Emma; Liggett, Daniela; Lamers, Machiel; Ljubicic, Gita; Dawson, Jackie; Thoman, Rick; Haavisto, Riina; Carrasco, Jorge

doi:10.1080/1088937x.2019.1707319

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…In the Antarctic, around the time of the new millennium, we have also seen the emergence of air-cruise operations, whereby visitors fly to the South Shetland Islands and then join a cruise ship for onward travel to the Antarctic Peninsula. These developments underscore the dynamic and changing nature of mobilities in the polar tourism sector (Stewart et al, 2019).…”

Section: Development and Status Of Polar Ship-based Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most regions (except Alaska), ship-based tourism is dominated by expedition-cruise vessels, with many of the same vessels operating both in the Arctic and Antarctic (Stewart et al, 2019). Expedition cruising utilises small vessels (between 20 and 500 passengers), offers shore landings and exploration using rubber boats, extensive interpretation, on-site wilderness experiences, and endeavours to minimise environmental and social impact while ensuring human safety.…”

Section: Development and Status Of Polar Ship-based Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The future of sustainable polar ship-based tourism

Liggett¹,

Cajiao²,

Lamers³

et al. 2023

Camb. prisms Coast. futures

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Over the last couple of decades, polar tourism has significantly grown in the number of visitors and diversified in terms of the tourism activities offered. The COVID-19 pandemic brought polar tourism to a halt and has prompted researchers, operators and policy-makers alike to reflect on how Arctic and Antarctic tourism have developed, how they are being managed and governed and, importantly, how tourism operators influence polar socio-ecological systems. Given the dominance of ship-based tourism over other types of tourism in the Polar Regions, we discuss the cornerstones of how polar ship-based tourism has developed over the last 50 years and explore the relevant international and regional governance regimes in this article. We identify which positive and negative biophysical, socio-cultural and economic impacts arising from polar tourism have been identified by researchers. It is difficult, if not impossible, to disentangle impacts caused by tourism alone from those that result from the interactions of multiple pressures at all levels (local, regional and global), and more research is needed to develop reliable and effective indicators to monitor tourism impacts. In addition, a better understanding is needed about the role tourist experiences might play in potentially encouraging long-term positive behavioural changes among visitors to the Polar Regions. The COVID-19 pandemic has provided an important opportunity to review polar tourism development and management, and to ask whether an emphasis should be placed on ‘degrowth’ of the sector in the future.

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Section: Development and Status Of Polar Ship-based Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development and Status Of Polar Ship-based Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The future of sustainable polar ship-based tourism

Liggett¹,

Cajiao²,

Lamers³

et al. 2023

Camb. prisms Coast. futures

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The number of insurance claims doubled in Arctic Circle waters throughout the period 2007–2017 (Allianz, 2018), with vulnerability differing widely between regions. In northern Canada, for instance, limited search and rescue capability, minimal bathymetric data for shipping charts, lack of reliable weather data, and the remoteness of region present particular challenges to increased shipping (Fedi et al, 2020; Ford & Clark, 2019; Stewart et al, 2020), compared to the NSR where shipping infrastructure is already well developed (e.g., ice breaker support, ice pilots, bathymetric mapping, deep water port infrastructure) (Milakovic et al, 2018). Nevertheless, a high level of risk characterizes the NSR, where climatic factors are the main cause of accidents (e.g., stuck in ice drifts, collision with ice) (Crepin et al, 2017; Fedi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Arctic Societies Are Resilient But Vulnerabilities Are Emergingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rapidly changing Arctic and its societal implications

Ford

Pearce

Canosa

et al. 2021

WIREs Climate Change

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The Arctic is undergoing rapid climate change and is projected to experience the most warming this century of any world region. We review the societal aspects of these current and projected changes. Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge holders living in communities across the Arctic have detected unprecedented increases in temperature, altered precipitation regimes, and changing weather patterns, documenting impacts on terrestrial and marine environments. These local observations situate climate change as one of multiple interacting stressors. Arctic societies have exhibited resilience to climate change, but vulnerabilities are emerging at the nexus of changing environmental conditions and socioeconomic pressures. Infrastructure is highly susceptible to permafrost thaw, coastal erosion, and sea level rise, compounded by the age of infrastructure, maintenance challenges, and cost of adapting. Livelihoods and cultural activities linked to subsistence harvesting have been affected by changes to wildlife, with coping mechanisms undermined by long‐term processes of land dispossession and landscape fragmentation. Reduced sea ice coverage and changing ice dynamics are creating opportunities for enhanced shipping, oil and gas production, and deep‐water fisheries. Legal, infrastructural, economic, and climatic challenges are expected to constrain such developments, with concerns over the distribution of potential benefits. Adaptation is already taking place in some sectors and regions, with efforts directly targeting climate impacts and also addressing underlying determinants of vulnerability. Barriers and limits to adapting are evident. Research that develops projections of future climate impacts is advancing, but studies examining the implications of such changes for communities or economies remain in their infancy. This article is categorized under: Trans‐Disciplinary Perspectives > Regional Reviews

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“…On short time scales (up to days) forecasts are of importance for search and rescue and maritime safety (Wagner et al, 2020). As the forecast length is extended towards seasonal the variability in the Arctic sea ice cover is of interest when planning shipping routes and other maritime activities (Stocker et al, 2020;Stewart et al, 2020). On long time scales (decades and more) forecast of the Arctic sea ice cover are of interest for the climate science community as it plays a central role in the global climate system as changes in the sea ice cover changes the albedo of the poles and thereby provides a positive feedback to the climate system (Kashiwase et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic sea ice and snow from different ice models: A CICE–SI3 intercomparison study

Sievers

Gierisch

Rasmussen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Sea ice models fill many purposes. They are used in global climate models or for short term forecasts to plan shipping routes. No matter what their output is used for, understanding the cause for there variability is crucial. In the this study two commonly used sea-ice models, CICE and SI3 were compared after running both models with similar boundary condition, on the same grid, with the same forcing and initialised with the same data, with the aim to understand how the two models differ from each other when forced equally. The set-up also allows linking certain model biases observed in both models to the external forcing. We found that the models compare well to sea ice concentration, sea ice thickness and snow thickness observations, with small regional differences, which could be linked to different model processes. The processes with the highest influence are the drag formulation, the albedo, and the treatment of snow. We find that the treatment of snow has a significant influence on the difference in sea ice thickness between the models, even though their forcing is equal.

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Characterizing polar mobilities to understand the role of weather, water, ice and climate (WWIC) information

Cited by 12 publications

References 96 publications

The future of sustainable polar ship-based tourism

The future of sustainable polar ship-based tourism

The rapidly changing Arctic and its societal implications

Arctic sea ice and snow from different ice models: A CICE–SI3 intercomparison study

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