Shale oil has become an important
oil resource over the past decade.
The oil storage behavior, including the adsorbed oil and free oil,
is one of the most important controlling factors for shale oil production.
Because the shale oil storage behavior is largely determined by the
fluid and solid interactions, this review first evaluates the shale
mineralogy, pore structure, and oil properties. Then, the experimental
methods to characterize the free oil and adsorbed oil are reviewed.
The relationship between the oil storage behavior and shale and oil
properties are then discussed. It is concluded from the literature
work that the organic matter has the highest adsorption capacity for
oil, followed by clay minerals, quartz, and calcite. While it is well-known
that heavier oil components are adsorbed more than the lighter components,
a relationship between the ratio of pore size to oil molecular size
and the ratio of free oil to adsorbed oil is suggested and plotted.
Finally, it is found from the literature that accurate experimental
methods and theoretical models on free oil and adsorbed oil characterization
are still missing; therefore, these topics require attention in future
researches on shale oil.