Characterizing Global Ozonesonde Profile Variability From Surface to the UT/LS With a Clustering Technique and MERRA‐2 Reanalysis

Stauffer, Ryan M.; Thompson, A. M.; Witte, J. C.

doi:10.1029/2018jd028465

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…The ozone time series presented in this analysis provide an important benchmark for the evaluation of multi-decadal chemistry-climate model simulations of tropospheric ozone. We recommend that these remote sites constitute one component of a three-step approach: 1) Because ozone has a greater impact on radiative forcing in the free troposphere than at the surface, the models should be evaluated against in situ free tropospheric observations from ozonesondes and commercial aircraft [Liu et al, 2013;Cohen et al, 2018;Gaudel et al, 2018;Stauffer et al, 2018;Tarasick and Galbally et al, 2019]. 2) Evaluating coarse-resolution chemistry climate models in regions of high ozone precursor emissions can be challenging, due to the difference in scale between a model grid cell and ozone observations at a single polluted location.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-decadal surface ozone trends at globally distributed remote locations

et al. 2020

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Extracting globally representative trend information from lower tropospheric ozone observations is extremely difficult due to the highly variable distribution and interannual variability of ozone, and the ongoing shift of ozone precursor emissions from high latitudes to low latitudes. Here we report surface ozone trends at 27 globally distributed remote locations (20 in the Northern Hemisphere, 7 in the Southern Hemisphere), focusing on continuous time series that extend from the present back to at least 1995. While these sites are only representative of less than 25% of the global surface area, this analysis provides a range of regional long-term ozone trends for the evaluation of global chemistry-climate models. Trends are based on monthly mean ozone anomalies, and all sites have at least 20 years of data, which improves the likelihood that a robust trend value is due to changes in ozone precursor emissions and/or forced climate change rather than naturally occurring climate variability. Since 1995, the Northern Hemisphere sites are nearly evenly split between positive and negative ozone trends, while 5 of 7 Southern Hemisphere sites have positive trends. Positive trends are in the range of 0.5-2 ppbv decade-1 , with ozone increasing at Mauna Loa by roughly 50% since the late 1950s. Two high elevation Alpine sites, discussed by previous assessments, exhibit decreasing ozone trends in contrast to the positive trend observed by IAGOS commercial aircraft in the European lower free-troposphere. The Alpine sites frequently sample polluted European boundary layer air, especially in summer, and can only be representative of lower free tropospheric ozone if the data are carefully filtered to avoid boundary layer air. The highly variable ozone trends at these 27 surface sites are not necessarily indicative of free tropospheric trends, which have been overwhelmingly positive since the mid-1990s, as shown by recent studies of ozonesonde and aircraft observations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-decadal surface ozone trends at globally distributed remote locations

et al. 2020

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“…13). At Kuala Lumpur, four significant spectral peaks in TROPOMI data are located in the 30-60 day range, which suggests influence by the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) (Ziemke et al, 2007(Ziemke et al, , 2015Stauffer et al, 2018). Inspection of TROPOMI TrOC time series (Fig.…”

Section: Seasonal Cycle Madden-julian Oscillation and Kelvin Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

TROPOMI tropospheric ozone column data: Geophysical assessment and comparison to ozonesondes, GOME-2B and OMI

Hubert

Heue

Lambert

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Ozone in the troposphere affects humans and ecosystems as a pollutant and as a greenhouse gas. Observing, understanding and modelling this dual role, as well as monitoring effects of international regulations on air quality and climate change, however, challenge measurement systems to operate at opposite ends of the spatio-temporal scale ladder. On board of the ESA/EU Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) satellite launched in October 2017, TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) aspires to take the next leap forward by measuring ozone and its precursors at unprecedented horizontal resolution until at least the mid 2020s. In this work, we assess the quality of TROPOMI's first release (V01.01.05–08) of tropical tropospheric ozone column data (TrOC). Derived with the Convective Cloud Differential (CCD) method, TROPOMI daily TrOC data represent the three-day moving mean ozone column between surface and 270 hpa under clear sky conditions gridded at 0.5° latitude by 1° longitude resolution. Comparisons to almost two years of co-located SHADOZ ozonesonde and satellite data (Aura OMI and MetOp-B GOME-2) conclude to TROPOMI biases between −0.1 and +2.3 DU (

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“…We ascribe this difference to O3 production from biomass burning (BB) emissions in the continental regions surrounding the tropical Atlantic; back trajectories from the ATom flight tracks show the tropical Atlantic is strongly affected by transport from BB source regions in both Africa and South America ( Fig. S4; Jensen et al, 2012;Sauvage et al, 2006;Stauffer et al, 2018;Thompson et al, 2000). Although ATom and HIPPO data show evidence for extensive and widespread BB influence on O3 in the Pacific as well, O3 mixing ratios are consistently more elevated throughout the tropospheric column in the Atlantic.…”

Section: O3 Distributions In the Remote Troposphere From Atom And Hippomentioning

confidence: 99%

Global-scale distribution of ozone in the remote troposphere from ATom and HIPPO airborne field missions

Bourgeois¹,

Peischl²,

Thompson³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Ozone is a key constituent of the troposphere where it drives photochemical processes, impacts air quality, and acts as a climate forcer. Large-scale in situ observations of ozone commensurate with the grid resolution of current Earth system models are necessary to validate model outputs and satellite retrievals. In this paper, we examine measurements from the Atmospheric Tomography (ATom, 4 deployments in 2016–2018) and the HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO; 5 deployments in 2009–2011) experiments, two global-scale airborne campaigns covering the Pacific (HIPPO and ATom) and Atlantic (ATom) basins. ATom and HIPPO represent the first global-scale, vertically resolved measurements of O3 distributions throughout the troposphere, with HIPPO sampling the Pacific basin and ATom sampling both the Pacific and Atlantic basins. Given the relatively limited temporal resolution of these two campaigns, we first compare ATom and HIPPO ozone data to longer-term observational records to establish the representativeness of our dataset. We show that these two airborne campaigns captured on average 53, 54, and 38 % of the ozone variability in the marine boundary layer, free troposphere, and upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS), respectively, at nine well-established ozonesonde sites. Additionally, ATom captured the most frequent ozone concentrations measured by regular commercial aircraft flights in the northern Atlantic UTLS. We then use the repeated vertical profiles carried out during these two campaigns to provide a global-scale picture of tropospheric ozone spatial and vertical distributions throughout the remote troposphere. We highlight a clear hemispheric gradient, with greater ozone in the northern hemisphere consistent with greater precursor emissions. We also show that the ozone distribution below 8 km was similar in the extra-tropics of the Atlantic and Pacific basins due to zonal circulation patterns. However, twice as much ozone was found in the tropical Atlantic than in the tropical Pacific, due to well-documented dynamical patterns transporting continental air masses over the Atlantic. We finally show that the seasonal variability of tropospheric ozone over the Pacific and the Atlantic basins is driven by transported continental plumes and photochemistry, and the vertical distribution is driven by photochemistry and mixing with stratospheric air. This new dataset is essential for improving our understanding of both ozone production and loss processes in remote regions, as well as the influence of anthropogenic emissions on baseline ozone.

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Characterizing Global Ozonesonde Profile Variability From Surface to the UT/LS With a Clustering Technique and MERRA‐2 Reanalysis

Cited by 35 publications

References 52 publications

Multi-decadal surface ozone trends at globally distributed remote locations

Multi-decadal surface ozone trends at globally distributed remote locations

TROPOMI tropospheric ozone column data: Geophysical assessment and comparison to ozonesondes, GOME-2B and OMI

Global-scale distribution of ozone in the remote troposphere from ATom and HIPPO airborne field missions

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