Characterizing effects of humidity and channel size on imbibition in paper-based microfluidic channels

Castro, Carlos E.; Rosillo, Cindy; Tsutsui, Hideaki

doi:10.1007/s10404-017-1860-4

Cited by 45 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The capillary flow through the features of a µPAD influences the effective concentration of the analyte in the detection zones, the consistency of the analyte detection, and the time required to generate a result. Environmental conditions such as temperature and relative humidity can affect the fluid flow velocity through the paper channel [ 47 , 48 ] where higher temperature results in faster flow of fluid [ 47 ] and low relative humidity of the surrounding air can cause evaporation and eventual fluid dry out. Width has also been shown to influence fluid flow behavior, with wider channels resulting in faster fluid flow [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental conditions such as temperature and relative humidity can affect the fluid flow velocity through the paper channel [ 47 , 48 ] where higher temperature results in faster flow of fluid [ 47 ] and low relative humidity of the surrounding air can cause evaporation and eventual fluid dry out. Width has also been shown to influence fluid flow behavior, with wider channels resulting in faster fluid flow [ 47 , 48 ]. Past work has been conducted for flow through paper channels of millimeter scale widths [ 44 , 45 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ] and centimeter scale widths [ 47 ]; however, as µPAD fabrication methods improve in resolution and precision, features can now be generated at the microscale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Width has also been shown to influence fluid flow behavior, with wider channels resulting in faster fluid flow [ 47 , 48 ]. Past work has been conducted for flow through paper channels of millimeter scale widths [ 44 , 45 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ] and centimeter scale widths [ 47 ]; however, as µPAD fabrication methods improve in resolution and precision, features can now be generated at the microscale. The characteristics of capillary driven flow through microscale features may be different due to the high surface area to volume ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Features in Microfluidic Paper-Based Devices Made by Laser Cutting: How Small Can They Be?

Mahmud

Blondeel²,

Kaddoura³

et al. 2018

Micromachines

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In this paper, we determine the smallest feature size that enables fluid flow in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) fabricated by laser cutting. The smallest feature sizes fabricated from five commercially available paper types: Whatman filter paper grade 50 (FP-50), Whatman 3MM Chr chromatography paper (3MM Chr), Whatman 1 Chr chromatography paper (1 Chr), Whatman regenerated cellulose membrane 55 (RC-55) and Amershan Protran 0.45 nitrocellulose membrane (NC), were 139 ± 8 µm, 130 ± 11 µm, 103 ± 12 µm, 45 ± 6 µm, and 24 ± 3 µm, respectively, as determined experimentally by successful fluid flow. We found that the fiber width of the paper correlates with the smallest feature size that has the capacity for fluid flow. We also investigated the flow speed of Allura red dye solution through small-scale channels fabricated from different paper types. We found that the flow speed is significantly slower through microscale features and confirmed the similar trends that were reported previously for millimeter-scale channels, namely that wider channels enable quicker flow speed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Features in Microfluidic Paper-Based Devices Made by Laser Cutting: How Small Can They Be?

Mahmud

Blondeel²,

Kaddoura³

et al. 2018

Micromachines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Paper is an excellent substrate for automatic multistep processes, since it integrates a passive fluid pumping through the capillary forces of cellulose fibers; however, this property is dependent on not only paper type but also many other parameters. It is dependent on the geometry of the microfluidic channel, the presence of wax boundaries, the ambient conditions (such as temperature and moisture),, the confinement of the space,, etc. These articles give insights into the physical mechanisms involved in the passive pumping of paper, making the subject possible to be studied by anyone, since it is observed by the naked eye.…”

Section: Advanced Characterization Of Paper Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Considerations for the Future Development of Electrochemical Paper‐Based Analytical Devices

et al. 2018

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Meeting the current needs for easier, more precise and faster analyses that also follow the principles of green analytical chemistry requires novel analytical chemistry strategies. Since the appearance in this century of the first device based on a paper platform, many studies have been presented in the literature, providing a wide range of designs and possibilities for the application of paper platforms to electroanalytical systems. This Review gives an overview of the field and can pave the way for the future development of electrochemical paper‐based analytical devices. We also present a critical point of view regarding what has been investigated and developed and what is still missing. This Review discusses the efforts made in the field related to important topics such as the choice of the paper substrate, the device construction process, the characterization of the device, and applications in different areas. In this way, we indicate some steps necessary for optimizing the design of the devices, with a focus on multidisciplinary collaborations that could move entire systems from the bench of the laboratory to the field.

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“…18,19 However, a separate experiment is required to determine the average hydraulic diameter. Castro et al 20 demonstrated that effective pore radius is dependent on average pore radius and relative humidity; however, they did not present any explicit equation showing this dependency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A comparison of different geometrical elements to model fluid wicking in paper‐based microfluidic devices

Boodaghi

Shamloo

2019

AIChE Journal

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Recently, microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have outstripped polymeric microfluidic devices in the ease of fabrication and simplicity. Surface tension-based fluid motion in the paper's porous structure has made the paper a suitable substrate for multiple biological assays by directing fluid into multiple assay zones. The widespread assumption in most works for modeling wicking in a paper is that the paper is a combination of capillaries with the same diameter equal to the effective pore diameter. Although assuming paper as a bundle of capillaries gives a good insight into pressure force that drives the fluid inside the paper, there are some difficulties using the effective pore radius. The effective pore radius is totally different from the average geometrical pore radius which makes it impossible to predict wicking in μPADs based on geometrical parameters. In this article, we introduce different analytical and numerical models to investigate the possibility of determining the permeability of the paper, based on geometrical parameters rather than effective parameters. The lattice Boltzmann method is used for numerical simulations. The permeability of each of the proposed models was compared with the experimental permeability. Results indicated that assuming paper as a combination of capillaries and annuluses leads to accurate results that totally depend on average geometrical values rather than effective values. This paves the way for prediction of the fluid wicking only by considering average geometrical pore and fiber diameters.

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Characterizing effects of humidity and channel size on imbibition in paper-based microfluidic channels

Cited by 45 publications

References 61 publications

Features in Microfluidic Paper-Based Devices Made by Laser Cutting: How Small Can They Be?

Features in Microfluidic Paper-Based Devices Made by Laser Cutting: How Small Can They Be?

Emerging Considerations for the Future Development of Electrochemical Paper‐Based Analytical Devices

A comparison of different geometrical elements to model fluid wicking in paper‐based microfluidic devices

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