Characterizing Effective Built-In Curling from Concrete Pavement Field Measurements

Rao, Shreenath; Roesler, Jeffery R.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(2005)131:4(320)

Cited by 64 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Therefore the concept of combining all of the active effects into an 'equivalent temperature difference' has been used by previous researchers (Rao et al, 2001;Yu and Khazanovich, 2001;Jeong and Zollinger, 2004;Rao and Roesler, 2005). Using this concept, the relation between actual measured temperature difference and equivalent temperature difference associated with actual pavement behavior could be established.…”

Section: Equivalent Temperature Differencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) developed under the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) 1-37A project, FE-based structural analysis models using a neural networks-based approach were employed for rigid pavement analysis and design (NCHRP, 2004). The application of FE modeling techniques in recent times has significantly improved our understanding and the way rigid pavement behavior is characterized in special situations where it is difficult to conduct laboratory and field testing (Armaghani, et al, 1986;Ioannides and Salsili-Murua, 1989;Ioannides and Korovesis, 1990;Ioannides and Korovesis, 1992;Chatti et al, 1994;Hammons and Ioannides, 1997;Vepa and George, 1997;Davids, 2001;Beckemeyer et al, 2002;Rao and Roesler, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Finite element modeling of environmental effects on rigid pavement deformation

Kim

Ceylan

Gopalakrishnan

2014

Front. Struct. Civ. Eng.

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In this study, finite element (FE)-based primary pavement response models are employed for investigating the early-age deformation characteristics of jointed plain concrete pavements ( JPCP) under environmental effects. The FE-based ISLAB (two-and-one-half-dimensional) and EverFE (three-dimensional) software were used to conduct the response analysis. Sensitivity analyses of input parameters used in ISLAB and EverFE were conducted based on field and laboratory test data collected from instrumented pavements on highway US-34 near Burlington, Iowa. Based on the combination of input parameters and equivalent temperatures established from preliminary studies, FE analyses were performed and compared with the field measurements. Comparisons between field measured and computed deformations showed that both FE programs could produce reasonably accurate estimates of actual slab deformations due to environmental effects using the equivalent temperature difference concept. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Kim, S., Ceylan, H., and Gopalakrishnan, K. Finite Element Modelling of Environmental Effects on Rigid Pavement Deformation SUNGHWAN KIM, HALIL CEYLAN, and KASTHURIRANGAN GOPALAKRISHNAN AbstractIn this study, Finite Element (FE)-based primary response models are employed for investigating the early-age deformation characteristics of Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements (JPCP) under environmental effects. The FE-based ISLAB (two-and-one -halfdimensional) and EverFE (three-dimensional) software were used to conduct the response analysis. Sensitivity analyses of input parameters used in ISLAB and EverFE were conducted based on field and laboratory test data collected from instrumented pavements on highway US-34 near Burlington, Iowa. Based on the combination of input parameters and equivalent temperatures established from preliminary studies, FE analyses were performed and compared with the field measurements. Comparisons between field measured and computed deformations showed that both FE programs could produce reasonably accurate estimates of actual slab deformations due to environmental effects using the equivalent temperature difference concept.

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Section: Equivalent Temperature Differencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element modeling of environmental effects on rigid pavement deformation

Kim

Ceylan

Gopalakrishnan

2014

Front. Struct. Civ. Eng.

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“…The early age behavior of PCC is significantly influenced by temperature, moisture, and creep of concrete (Rao et al 2001). Based on profilograph records of concrete pavements in California, Hveem (1951) concluded that slab curling was due to the combined effect of temperature and moisture, both of which change nonuniformly through the depth of the slab.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A positive temperature difference between the top and the bottom surfaces of the concrete slab in daytime causes the slab corners to curl downwards, while a negative temperature difference during night time results in the upward curling of PCC. The moisture difference through the slab depth because of weather condition results in nonuniform concrete shrinkage and non-uniform volume changing through depth (Rao et al 2001). However, curling and warping behavior of early aged concrete is affected by not only temperature and moisture differences due to weather conditions but also early age curing conditions and temperature conditions during pavement construction (Rao et al 2001;Rao, Roesler 2005;Yu et al 1998) A significantly irreversible drying shrinkage of concrete near the top of the slab and a positive temperature gradient at the time of concrete setting can cause permanent upward curling and warping at zero temperature gradient (Yu et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The moisture difference through the slab depth because of weather condition results in nonuniform concrete shrinkage and non-uniform volume changing through depth (Rao et al 2001). However, curling and warping behavior of early aged concrete is affected by not only temperature and moisture differences due to weather conditions but also early age curing conditions and temperature conditions during pavement construction (Rao et al 2001;Rao, Roesler 2005;Yu et al 1998) A significantly irreversible drying shrinkage of concrete near the top of the slab and a positive temperature gradient at the time of concrete setting can cause permanent upward curling and warping at zero temperature gradient (Yu et al 2004). This permanent curling and warping (built-in curling and warping) is partially recovered by the creep of the slab after hardening of the concrete over time (Rao et al 2001;Rao, Roesler 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early-Age Response of Concrete Pavements to Temperature and Moisture Variations

Kim

Gopalakrishnan

Ceylan

et al. 2010

Balt. J. Road Bridge E.

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In this paper, the early-age response of a Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement ( JPCP) to temperature and moisture variations at the time of paving and immediately following construction is discussed. A newly constructed JPCP on US-30 near Marshalltown, Iowa, USA was instrumented and monitored during the critical time immediately following construction to identify its early-age behavior with respect to pavement deformation due to temperature and moisture variations. The instrumentation consisted of Linear Variable Differential Transducers (LVDTs) at the slab corner, center, and edges, and thermocouples and humidity sensors installed within the slab depth. The slab deformation associated with temperature and moisture variations were quantified using field-measured vertical displacements and pavement surface profiles. The positive temperature gradients during setting times and the negative moisture difference after setting times caused permanent upward curling and warping in the instrumented pavement. The relative corner deflection of the slab to center or mid-edge calculated using the slab profile and LVDT measurements show similar trends.Keywords concrete, curling, pavements, temperature and moisture variation, warping Disciplines Civil and Environmental Engineering | Construction Engineering and Management CommentsThis is a manuscript of an article from Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 5 (2010) Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Kim, S., Gopalakrishnan, K., Abstract. In this paper, the early-age response of a Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP) to temperature and moisture variations at the time of paving and immediately following construction is discussed. A newly constructed JPCP on US-30 near Marshalltown, Iowa, USA was instrumented and monitored during the critical time immediately following construction to identify its early-age behavior with respect to pavement deformation due to temperature and moisture variations. The instrumentation consisted of Linear Variable Differential Transducers (LVDTs) at the slab corner, center, and edges, and thermocouples and humidity sensors installed within the slab depth. The slab deformation associated with temperature and moisture variations were quantified using field-measured vertical displacements and pavement surface profiles. The positive temperature gradients during setting times and the negative moisture difference after setting times caused permanent upward curling and warping in the instrumented pavement. The relative corner deflection of the slab to center or mid-edge calculated using the slab profile and LVDT measurements show similar trends.. "EarlyAge Response of Concrete Pavements to Temperature and Moisture Variations." The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 132-138

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