Characterizing and modeling of oak fruit shells biochar as an adsorbent for the removal of Cu, Cd, and Zn in single and in competitive systems

Enhanced Adsorptive Removal of Tetracycline by Phosphomolybdic Acid-Modified Low-Temperature Sludge Biochar

“…As the pH increases to a range of 7.7–9.7, TC is predominantly present as TC – . Finally, when the pH exceeds 9.7, the majority of TC exists as TC. − As shown in the inset of Figure b, the surface of PMABC-200 was negatively charged when the pH value was between 3 and 11. Therefore, when the pH values were 3, 5, and 7, PMABC-200 demonstrated remarkable TC adsorption efficacy owing to the attenuated electrostatic repulsion between negatively charged PMABC-200 and neutral TC (pH 5 and 7) and TC + (pH = 3).…”

“… We conducted further peak fitting and calculation of the Mo 3d fine spectrum of PMABC-200. The characteristic peaks at 232.7 and 235.7 eV corresponded to MoO 3 , whereas those at 231.9 and 234.8 eV corresponded to MoO 4 . − As presented in Table S1, the content of oxygen-containing functional groups (such as C–OH, C–O–C, and CO) on the surface of PMABC-200 was higher than that of BC-200, with the exception of the O–CO group. The total content of the oxygen-containing groups on the surface of PMABC-200 (41.5%) was greater than that of BC-200 (39.4%), indicating that new oxygen-containing groups were generated on PMABC-200 through the modification with phosphomolybdic acid oxidation.…”

“…Sludge pyrolysis has recently garnered considerable research interest. , Sewage sludge is known to be a good feedstock material for pyrolysis as it is rich in organic matter and various types of waste biomass. , Biochar (BC) is the solid product of pyrolysis and is regarded as an efficient and inexpensive adsorbent owing to its simple and cheap preparation and good adsorbability . It is widely used for adsorbing pollutants during wastewater treatment. − The properties of BC have an important effect on its adsorption capacity and are mainly determined by pyrolysis factors such as pyrolysis temperature, feedstock material dosage, and heat-insulation time. Among them, pyrolysis temperature (200–900 °C) is the most important factor affecting the adsorbability of generated BCs. − Notably, BC has generally been prepared at high temperatures (>400 °C) in many studies, as such BC possesses high specific surface area (SSA) and large pore volume (PV).…”

Characterization of activated carbon produced from the green algae Spirogyra used as a cost-effective adsorbent for enhanced removal of copper(ii): application in industrial wastewater treatment

“…Commercial activated carbon is available but it is expensive and not economically viable, 4 prompting a search for cheaper and more efficient alternatives. Recently, a wide variety of raw materials that are abundant in nature have been used to prepare porous materials that have been converted into low-cost activated carbon for copper removal, such as beech wood chips and garden green waste residues, 20 palm fiber, 21 soy waste, 22 peanut shells, 6,23 soybean and mustard husks, 10 walnut shells, 24 waste wood-based panels, 15 olive stone, 25 pigeon peas hulls, 26 apple tree branches, 5 lignites, 27 waste tea residue, 13 eggshells, 28 oak fruit shells, 29 sea mango shells, 30 wolfberry stems 31 and empty fruit bunches. 32 The adsorption capacity of these adsorbents is high and the research is still focused on looking for low-cost adsorbents that are abundant in nature to improve the efficiency.…”

Rapid and Effective Lead Elimination Using Cow Manure Derived Biochar: Balance between Inherent Phosphorus Release and Pollutants Immobilization

“…Pb(II) removal methods consist of membrane filtration, electrocoagulation, coagulation, photo-catalytic redox procedures, Fenton oxidation, and γ-ray irradiation [ 3 , 4 ]. In particular, it is widely used as an adsorbent to eliminate Pb(II), as the adsorption process can be easily handled at low-cost [ 5 , 6 ]. Therefore, it is essential to create rapid, efficient, and cost-effective adsorbents.…”