Characterization suite of a 1 ns, multi-frame hybridized CMOS imager for the ultra-fast x-ray imager program

Abstract

The Daedalus sensor is the next version of the nanosecond time-gated, multi-frame hybridized CMOS (hCMOS) x-ray sensor, developed by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). The Daedalus sensor leverages previous hCMOS features such as nanosecond gated frames while expanding features for increased record length, improved full well depth, and one-side abutment capability. The second version of the Daedalus sensor, the DV2, resolves an increased record length feature called interlacing in addition to the sensor's ability to hold the integrated electrical charge from photocurrent for longer periods of time needed for full dynamic range during readout. The DV2 sensor characteristics, including background oscillations, skew, key sensor features for timing and high full well, and mapping of the internal temperature sensor are presented and discussed.

Considerations about future hard x-ray area detectors

“…State-of-the-art burst-rate detectors frame at nearly 1 GHz [2][3][4][5], a rate that is too slow for processes occurring on ps time scales but adequate for slower processes. A primary limitation is the detector readout rate: Even at 10 MHz framing, a 1B/pixel full-frame readout of, say, 10 5 pixels implies an off-detector data rate of 10 12 B/ s; this is beyond current capabilities.…”