Characterization of verbal and spatial memory changes from moderate to supraphysiological increases in serum testosterone in healthy older men

Cherrier, Monique M.; Matsumoto, Alvin M.; Amory, John K.; Johnson, M.; Craft, Suzanne; Peskind, Elaine R.; Raskind, Murray A.

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2006.10.008

Cited by 107 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A cross-sectional study for example showed a positive correlation with T levels in men [17]. Similarly, T has been shown to improve spatial abilities in hypogonadal men or patients with Alzheimer's disease [18][19][20]. Conversely, other studies in hypogonadal men supplemented with T showed no effects on cognitive abilities [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effects of exogenous testosterone on spatial memory in rats

et al. 2010

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Testosterone (T) is known to affect spatial abilities in men and women. Studies focusing on this relationship showed that both endogenous variability of T and administration of exogenous T, altered mental rotation and spatial visualization. Organizational and activational effects of T can be separately identified. The aim of our study was to evaluate the activational effects of exogenous T on spatial memory in male and female rats. T was administered 3 times a week over a two week period in either 1 mg/kg for low testosterone group or 10 mg/kg for high testosterone group. The Morris water maze was performed to assess the rat's working and reference spatial memory. T and estradiol levels were measured in plasma. Increase in plasma T levels was confirmed in the experimental groups in comparison to the control groups (receiving sterile oil, 3 times a week over a two week period). Low dose T impaired working, but improved reference memory in female rats. In male rats the negative effects of T (both doses) on reference memory were shown. This experiment showed that the activational effects of exogenous testosterone on spatial memory of rats were gender and dose-dependent.© Versita Sp. z o.o.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effects of exogenous testosterone on spatial memory in rats

et al. 2010

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“…11 Findings from randomized, placebocontrolled clinical trials of testosterone supplementation in older or hypogonadal men show variable cognitive effects. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] METHODS A review was conducted through PubMed to identify studies investigating the cognitive effects of ADT. The search words 'androgen deprivation therapy, cognition, memory, imaging' were used to search for articles.…”

Section: Evidence For Cognitive Effects Of Testosteronementioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive changes associated with ADT: a review of the literature

Jamadar¹,

Winters²,

Maki³

2012

Asian J Androl

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The use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has increased since the early 1990s after early detection efforts and greater use of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. Although ADT is associated with favorable clinical outcomes, ADT has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, increased serum cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin resistance, body mass index and fat body mass. Here we review findings from 11 clinical studies examining the effects of ADT on cognition as measured by standardized tests in cognitive domains such as verbal and spatial memory. Most of these studies have important limitations, including small sample sizes, suboptimal control groups and baseline group differences in confounding factors. Despite these limitations, the best designed studies, those comparing patients on ADT to healthy controls, generally suggest that spatial memory might be especially sensitive to the effects of ADT. Critically, to date there is only one study involving random assignment of ADT versus close clinical observation. That study revealed a decrease in verbal memory with ADT, but was limited in sample size and did not include a measure of spatial memory. A recent observational study revealed no substantial evidence of cognitive impairment with ADT, even in the domain of verbal memory. Like the randomized study, however, this large observational study lacked a measure of spatial memory. Overall, the studies with the best controls suggest a potential negative impact of ADT on spatial memory, and perhaps verbal memory, and a need for continued investigation of the impact of ADT on cognition, particularly in these two cognitive domains.

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“…However, the association is far from being clear. Studies found testosterone to improve spatial abilities in hypogonadal men or patients with Alzheimer disease [17]. Androgen levels decline with aging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of rapid and depot testosterone and estradiol on spatial performance in water maze

Hodosy¹,

Ostatníková

Riljak

et al. 2012

Open Life Sciences

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The effect of rapid and depot testosterone and estradiol on spatial performance in water maze of receptor types. So, particular brain regions can be targets for the actions of different classes of steroids. For example, estrogen receptors are thinly distributed in the neocortex of the rat, but are prevalent in preoptic and hypothalamic areas and the anterior pituitary. Also some neurons express receptors for more than one steroid.Authors reported testosterone modified spatial abilities resulting from animal research [3] and clinical studies of individuals exposed prenatally to unusual hormone environments. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia results in women with enhanced spatial performance [4], as does a lifelong deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in men [5].Cent. Eur. J. Biol. • 7(4) • 2012 • 596-602 DOI: 10.2478/s11535-012-0046-z IntroductionAlthough there is no major difference in performance in current standardized intelligence tests between females and males, there are described sex differences in particular subtypes of the tests [1]. These have been reported in certain cognitive tasks for many years, and it appears that testosterone (TST) and other androgens play a crucial role [2]. Spatial learning and memory have been one of the major topics of interest since the late seventies. Keywords: Water maze • Spatial performance • Testosterone • Estradiol • Hippocampus • RatsAbstract: Men and women differ in some cognitive functions including spatial abilities. These differences seem to be affected by sex steroids, but the results are controversial. The aim of this work is to describe the effects of rapid or depot testosterone and estradiol on spatial memory in rats. Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups. Five groups were gonadectomized, and one group was left as control. Castrated groups received sterile oil, testosterone isobutyras, testosterone propionate, estradiol dipropionate or estradiol benzoate. We evaluated spatial performance (escape latency, overall improvement, and time in the quadrant after platform removal) of the rats in a spatial water maze. Animals receiving exogenous sex steroids showed higher plasma concentrations of the particular hormones. Experimental groups improved during the acquisition spatial trials in the water maze. No significant differences between the groups during probe trial were found. In overall improvement, the testosterone depot and estradiol depot groups showed less improvement in comparison to the control groups (P<0.05). No differences in respect to administered hormones were found in corresponding receptor gene expression in hippocampus. In conclusion, exogenous testosterone affects spatial memory of adult castrated males.

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Characterization of verbal and spatial memory changes from moderate to supraphysiological increases in serum testosterone in healthy older men

Cited by 107 publications

References 39 publications

The effects of exogenous testosterone on spatial memory in rats

The effects of exogenous testosterone on spatial memory in rats

Cognitive changes associated with ADT: a review of the literature

The effect of rapid and depot testosterone and estradiol on spatial performance in water maze

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