Characterization of two Cuban colonies of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks

Guzmán, Pedro E. Encinosa; Cuétara, Claudia Fernández; Cano-Argüelles, Ana Laura; Castillo, Alier Fuentes; Martínez, Yuselys García; Fernández, Rafmary Rodríguez; Fernández‐Afonso, Yilian; Soto, Yami Bello; Alfaro, Yorexis González; Méndez, Luis; García, Angelina Díaz; Estrada, Mario Pablo; Rodríguez-Mallón, Alina

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100591

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…R. microplus is reported to have originated in India and disseminated to other parts of the world through animal trading. Studies on the genetic diversity in R. microplus strains across countries have been conducted by various researchers using mitochondrial and ribosomal genes (16S rRNA, 12S rRNA, COX1, microsatellites, and internal transcribed spacer) [ 17 , 18 , 22 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. The results of these studies exhibited different clades and the existence of crypto species of R. microplus in different parts of the globe [ 17 , 18 , 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus for a Global Scenario: A Comprehensive Review

Sankar,

Kumar,

Manjunathachar

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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Rhipicephalus microplus poses a substantial threat to livestock health and agricultural economies worldwide. Its remarkable adaptability to diverse environments and hosts is a testament to its extensive genetic diversity. This review delves into the genetic diversity of R. microplus, employing three pivotal genetic markers: the cytochrome c oxidase I (COX1) gene, ribosomal genes, and microsatellites. The COX1 gene, a crucial tool for genetic characterization and phylogenetic clustering, provides insights into the adaptability of ticks. Ribosomal genes, such as internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS-1 and2) as well as 18S and 28S, are routinely utilized for species differentiation. However, their use is limited due to indels (insertions and deletions). Microsatellites and minisatellites, known for their high polymorphism, have been successfully employed to study populations and genetic diversity across various tick species. Despite their effectiveness, challenges such as null alleles and marker variations warrant careful consideration. Bm86, a well-studied vaccine candidate, exhibits substantial genetic diversity. This diversity directly influences vaccine efficacy, posing challenges for developing a universally effective Bm86-based vaccine. Moreover, the review emphasizes the prevalence of genes associated with synthetic pyrethroid resistance. Identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms in the acaricide-resistant genes of R. microplus has facilitated the development of molecular markers for detecting and monitoring resistance against synthetic pyrethroids. However, mutations in sodium channels, the target site for synthetic pyrethroid, correlate well with the resistance status of R. microplus, which is not the case with other acaricide target genes. This study underscores the importance of understanding genetic diversity in developing effective tick management strategies. The choice of genetic marker should be tailored based on the level of taxonomic resolution and the group of ticks under investigation. A holistic approach combining multiple markers and integrating additional molecular and morphological data may offer a more comprehensive understanding of tick diversity and relationships. This research has far-reaching implications in formulating breeding programs and the development of vaccine against ticks and tick-borne diseases (TTBDs) as well as strategies for the management of resistant ticks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus for a Global Scenario: A Comprehensive Review

Sankar,

Kumar,

Manjunathachar

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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“…Of these, nine species belong to the Ixodidae family, and only four are considered important from economic and public health perspectives. One of them is the Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888), which constitutes the main vector of hemoparasitic diseases for bovines in the country, causing severe damage to livestock production [14]. Rhipicephalus linnaei (Audouin, 1826) [15], previously known as the tropical lineage of Rhiphicephalus sanguineus, is also present on the island [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the Vaccine Candidate Based on the P0 Peptide against Dermacentor nitens and Ixodes ricinus Ticks

Rodríguez-Mallon,

Encinosa Guzmán,

Bello

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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The control of ticks through vaccination offers a sustainable alternative to the use of chemicals that cause contamination and the selection of resistant tick strains. However, only a limited number of anti-tick vaccines have reached commercial realization. In this sense, an antigen effective against different tick species is a desirable target for developing such vaccines. A peptide derived from the tick P0 protein (pP0) conjugated to a carrier protein has been demonstrated to be effective against the Rhipicephalus microplus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and Amblyomma mixtum tick species. The aim of this work was to assess the efficacy of this peptide when conjugated to the Bm86 protein against Dermacentor nitens and Ixodes ricinus ticks. An RNAi experiment using P0 dsRNA from I. ricinus showed a dramatic reduction in the feeding of injected female ticks on guinea pigs. In the follow-up vaccination experiments, rabbits were immunized with the pP0-Bm86 conjugate and challenged simultaneously with larvae, nymphs, and the adults of I. ricinus ticks. In the same way, horses were immunized with the pP0-Bm86 conjugate and challenged with D. nitens larva. The pP0-Bm86 conjugate showed efficacies of 63% and 55% against I. ricinus and D. nitens ticks, respectively. These results, combined with previous reports of efficacy for this conjugate, show the promising potential for its development as a broad-spectrum anti-tick vaccine.

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A Review of Australian Tick Vaccine Research

Lew-Tabor

2021

Vaccines

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Tick vaccine research in Australia has demonstrated leadership worldwide through the development of the first anti-tick vaccine in the 1990s. Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation’s (CSIRO) research led to the development of vaccines and/or precursors of vaccines (such as crude extracts) for both the cattle tick and the paralysis tick. CSIRO commercialised the Bm86 vaccine in the early 1990s for Rhipicephalus australis; however, issues with dosing and lack of global conservation led to the market closure of Tick-GARD in Australia. New research programs arose both locally and globally. The Australian paralysis tick Ixodes holocyclus has perplexed research veterinarians since the 1920s; however, not until the 2000s did biotechnology exist to elucidate the neurotoxin—holocyclotoxin family of toxins leading to a proof of concept vaccine cocktail. This review revisits these discoveries and describes tributes to deceased tick vaccine protagonists in Australia, including Sir Clunies Ross, Dr Bernard Stone and Dr David Kemp.

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Characterization of two Cuban colonies of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Genetic Diversity of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus for a Global Scenario: A Comprehensive Review

Genetic Diversity of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus for a Global Scenario: A Comprehensive Review

Efficacy of the Vaccine Candidate Based on the P0 Peptide against Dermacentor nitens and Ixodes ricinus Ticks

A Review of Australian Tick Vaccine Research

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