Characterization of two class I genes from the H2-M region: evidence for a new subfamily

Arepalli, S.R.; Jones, Elsy P.; Howcroft, T. Kevin; Carlo, Irene; Wang, Chyung Ru; Lindahl, Kirsten Fischer; Singer, Dinah S.; Rudikoff, Stuart

doi:10.1007/s002510050356

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…1 and data (26). The transcripts of Q10 (27) were detected only in liver, whereas transcripts of M9 (28) were absent from all tested tissues (data not shown). Specificity of RT-PCR signals was confirmed for each gene by sizing and sequencing of amplified bands from small intestinal samples.…”

Section: Intestinal Tissues Of C57bl/6j Mice Transcribe Multiple Clasmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Murine Family of Gut-Restricted Class Ib MHC Includes Alternatively Spliced Isoforms of the Proposed HLA-G Homolog, “Blastocyst MHC”

Guidry

Stroynowski

2005

The Journal of Immunology

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The gastrointestinal tract is populated by a multitude of specialized immune cells endowed with receptors for classical (class Ia) and nonclassical (class Ib) MHC proteins. To identify class I products that engage these receptors and impact immunity/tolerance, we studied gut-transcribed class Ib loci and their polymorphism in inbred, outbred, and wild-derived mice. Intestinal tissues enriched in epithelial cells contained abundant transcripts of ubiquitously expressed and preferentially gut-restricted Q and T class I loci. The latter category included the “blastocyst Mhc” gene, H2-Bl, and its putative paralog, Tw5. Expression of H2-Bl was previously detected only at the maternal/fetal interface, where it was proposed to induce immune tolerance via interactions with CD94/NKG2A receptors. Analysis of coding region polymorphism performed here revealed two major alleles of H2-Bl with conserved residues at positions critical for class I protein folding and peptide binding. Both divergent alleles are maintained in outbred and wild mice under selection for fecundity and pathogen resistance. Surprisingly, we found that alternative splicing of H2-Bl mRNA in gut tissues is prevalent and allele-specific. It leads to strain-dependent expression of diverse repertoires of canonical and noncanonical transcripts that may give rise to distinct ligands for intestinal NK cell, T cell, and/or intraepithelial lymphocyte receptors.

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Section: Intestinal Tissues Of C57bl/6j Mice Transcribe Multiple Clasmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Murine Family of Gut-Restricted Class Ib MHC Includes Alternatively Spliced Isoforms of the Proposed HLA-G Homolog, “Blastocyst MHC”

Guidry

Stroynowski

2005

The Journal of Immunology

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“…Interestingly, whereas the κ block of the Mamu and HLA each has only one MHC class I gene, Mamu‐E and HLA‐E , respectively, the mouse κ block has at least 19 MHC class I genes, with 10 H2‐T like genes and nine H2‐M like genes on either side of the TRIM39 and RPP21 orthologous framework genes. The reason for the large number of duplicated MHC class I genes in the κ block of the mouse H2 is not known, but many of them are considered to have non‐classical, non‐immune functions and are expressed differentially compared with the ubiquitous expression of the classical class Ia genes . For example, the H2‐M1 and H2‐M10 families of the class Ib genes interact specifically with the V2R class of pheromone receptors presented on the cell surfaces of the vomeronasal organ .…”

Section: Genomic Comparison Among Human Rhesus Macaque and Mousementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics of the human, macaque and mouse major histocompatibility complex

et al. 2016

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SummaryThe MHC is a highly polymorphic genomic region that encodes the transplantation and immune regulatory molecules. It receives special attention for genetic investigation because of its important role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses and its strong association with numerous infectious and/or autoimmune diseases. The MHC locus was first discovered in the mouse and for the past 50 years it has been studied most intensively in both mice and humans. However, in recent years the macaque species have emerged as some of the more important and advanced experimental animal models for biomedical research into MHC with important human immunodeficiency virus/simian immunodeficiency virus and transplantation studies undertaken in association with precise MHC genotyping and haplotyping methods using Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing. Here, in this special issue on 'Macaque Immunology' we provide a short review of the genomic similarities and differences among the human, macaque and mouse MHC class I and class II regions, with an emphasis on the association of the macaque class I region with MHC polymorphism, haplotype structure and function.

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“…Of the intact members of the M1 family, H2-M1 (Singer et al 1988) and H2-M9 (Arepalli et al 1998) were described previously, as was the pseudogene H2-M7 and the fragment H2-M8 (Wang and Fischer Lindahl 1993). The newly identified open reading frame, H2-M7.2, is most closely related to the pseudogene, H2-M7; hence the name.…”

Section: Class I Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jones, unpubl;Arepalli et al 1998). There is only limited information on the M1/M10 polymorphism (Singer et al 1988;Arepalli et al 1998), but based on the three sequences from haplotype d, the M1/M10 genes appear to be oligo-or monomorphic (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Gene Content: the Class I Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We chose to name the members of the M10 family by their linear order along the chromosome, just like genes of the H2-Q and H2-T regions were previously named (Klein et al 1990). The first M10 gene to be cloned came from strain BALB/c (Arepalli et al 1998). It is now clear that this gene represents the d allele of M10.2; the alleles differ by only three amino acids.…”

Section: Class I Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Species-Specific Class I Gene Expansions Formed the Telomeric 1 Mb of the Mouse Major Histocompatibility Complex

et al. 2003

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We have determined the complete sequence of 951,695 bp from the class I region of H2, the mouse major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) from strain 129/Sv (haplotype bc). The sequence contains 26 genes. The sequence spans from the last 50 kb of the H2-T region, including 2 class I genes and 3 class I pesudogenes, and includes the H2-M region up to Gabbr1. A 500-kb stretch of the H2-M region contains 9 class I genes and 4 pseudogenes, which fall into two subfamilies, M1 and M10, distinct from other mouse class I genes. This M1/M10 class I gene-cluster is separated from the centromeric H2-T and the telomeric H2-M4, -5 and -6 class I genes by "nonclass I genes". Comparison with the corresponding 853-kb region of the human Mhc, which includes the HLA-A region, shows a mosaic of conserved regions of orthologous nonclass I genes separated by regions of species-specific expansion of paralogous Mhc class I genes. The analysis of this mosaic structure illuminates the dynamic evolution of the Mhc class I region among mammals and provides evidence for the framework hypothesis.

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Characterization of two class I genes from the H2-M region: evidence for a new subfamily

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

The Murine Family of Gut-Restricted Class Ib MHC Includes Alternatively Spliced Isoforms of the Proposed HLA-G Homolog, “Blastocyst MHC”

The Murine Family of Gut-Restricted Class Ib MHC Includes Alternatively Spliced Isoforms of the Proposed HLA-G Homolog, “Blastocyst MHC”

Comparative genomics of the human, macaque and mouse major histocompatibility complex

Species-Specific Class I Gene Expansions Formed the Telomeric 1 Mb of the Mouse Major Histocompatibility Complex

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