Characterization of traffic-related ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in an Asian city: Environmental and health implications

Zhang, Zhihui; Khlystov, Andrey; Norford, Leslie K.; Tan, Zhen-Kang; Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.04.040

Cited by 93 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In the outdoor scenario for Case 1, it was observed that the estimated cumulative ELCR for PM 2.5 increased to 7.82 × 10 −6 , indicating the greater impact of haze events on public health with about eight people out of a population of one million individuals likely to develop cancer in their lifetime. This potential health risk is about 2.3 times higher than that due to trafficrelated ambient PM 2.5 in Singapore, as mentioned in a recent study by Zhang et al [55], which reflects the severity of haze-related particles. The number of individuals in Singapore adversely affected due to exposure to smoke haze outdoors will be at least 45.…”

Section: Human Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Moreover, other particle-bound chemical components such as PAHs and quinones may also contribute to the overall toxicity of the PM and therefore merit consideration for health risk assessment. However, a recent study by Zhang et al [55] indicates that the health risk due to toxic elements is more significant than that due to PAHs. In any case, more comprehensive PM chemical speciation studies are required to improve our understanding of the potential health effects of haze and urban aerosols.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crippa et al [14] calculated excess all-cause mortality due to short-term acute exposure to PM 2.5 using simulated 24 h PM 2.5 and exposure-response functions from recent and comprehensive epidemiological studies linking the health impacts to short-term exposure to outdoor PM 2.5 . The current study considered the chemical speciation of PM 2.5 and calculated the long-term chronic health risk based on the relative abundance and toxicity of trace elements in PM 2.5 , since several previous studies have reported that trace elements and PAHs account for most of the toxicity of PM 2.5 [26][27][28][29][30]55].…”

Section: Human Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor human exposure to size-fractionated aerosols during the 2015 Southeast Asian smoke haze and assessment of exposure mitigation strategies

Sharma

Balasubramanian

2017

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The 2015 smoke haze episode was one of the most severe and prolonged transboundary air pollution events ever seen in Southeast Asia (SEA), affecting the air quality of several countries within the region including Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. The 24 h mean outdoor PM 2.5 (particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 m) concentrations ranged from 72-157 g m −3 in Singapore during this episode, exceeding the WHO 24 h mean PM 2.5 guidelines (25 g m −3 ) several times over. The smoke haze episode not only affected ambient air quality, but also indoor air quality due to the migration of PM of different sizes from the outdoor to the indoor environment. Despite the frequent occurrence of smoke haze episodes over the years, their potential health impacts on indoor building occupants remain largely unknown in SEA due to the lack of systematic investigations and observational data. The current work was carried out in Singapore to assess human exposure to size-resolved PM during the 2015 smoke haze episode, and to evaluate the effectiveness of exposure mitigation measures in smoke-haze-impacted naturally ventilated indoor environments. The potential health risks associated with exposure to PM 2.5 were assessed based on the concentrations of redox active particulate-bound trace elements, which are known to be harmful to human health, with and without exposure mitigation. Overall, it was observed that human health exposure to PM 2.5 and its carcinogenic chemical components was reduced substantially by 62% (p < 0.05) while using an air cleaner. However, extremely small hazardous particles were only partially removed by the air cleaner and remain a matter of concern for public health.

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Section: Human Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor human exposure to size-fractionated aerosols during the 2015 Southeast Asian smoke haze and assessment of exposure mitigation strategies

Sharma

Balasubramanian

2017

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Low molecular weight or 2-3 rings PAHs usually account for over 70% of 34 gas-phase PAH concentrations, whilst those with four or more rings are found most in 35 particle phase (Table 1) (Tasdemir et al, 2007;Ravindra et al, 2008). This study 36 focuses on health risk assessment of the PM-bound PAHs because it has been shown 37 that heavier PAHs (four or more rings) have a much greater carcinogenic and 38 mutagenic potential risk than lighter ones (Erel et al, 2007;Urbancok et al, 2017; 39 Zhang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk of Ambient PM10-bound PAHs at Bus Stops in Spring and Autumn in Tianjin, China

Jin

Han

et al. 2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Essas espécies também têm o seu papel na acidificação das chuvas e nas mudanças climáticas (KHODER; HASSAN, 2008;YANG et al, 2015). A amônia já foi atribuída a uma variedade de fontes, emissões relacionadas ao esgoto, às indústrias, aos veículos (movidos à gasolina, com catalisadores de três vias), à pecuária, ao uso de fertilizantes e à decomposição de matéria orgânica (LAI et al, 2007;VASCONCELLOS et al, 2007;ZHANG et al, 2017 (POZZA et al, 2009;KUMAR et al, 2015), o sódio já foi associado a algumas fontes antrópicas (emissões veiculares diretas e ressuspensão de poeira de pavimentos), além da influência das fontes de saltação e jateamento (VIEIRA-FILHO; PEDROTTI;…”

Section: íOns Solúveis Em áGuaunclassified

Caracterização molecular e ocorrência de HPA, oxi, nitro-HPA, íons inorgânicos e traçadores de queima de biomassa em três sítios urbanos latino-americanos

Pereira¹

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AGRADECIMENTOSAgradeço aos meus familiares, que me apoiaram desde sempre, principalmente nesta longa jornada que foi o doutorado.Agradeço em especial à Prof a . Pérola de Castro Vasconcellos pelo auxílio e incentivo durante todo o período em que estive no GEQAt, sempre foi muito presente em sua orientação.Agradeço aos amigos que fiz no GEQAt, seja pelo auxilio como pela amizade: Sofia, Masini e seus alunos por ceder seus laboratórios e equipamentos. Agradeço aos Profs. Jaílson Bittencourt Andrade e Gisele Olímpio da Rocha por cederem os laboratórios para as análises na UFBA e ao pós doutorando Aldenor Gomes Santos pelo auxílio no laboratório e acolhimento em Salvador. Agradeço pela oportunidade de estágio em seus laboratórios: Dr. Risto Hillamo no Instituto Meteorológico Finlandês, Prof. Prashant Kumar na Universidade de Surrey. Agradeço à Prof a . Maria de Fátima Andrade do IAG/USP pelo auxílio nas amostragens e na aplicação do modelo PMF. Agradeço à CAPES, à FAPESP, ao CNPQ e ao INCT pelo apoio financeiro. Agradeço aos funcionários do IQ/USP. Por fim, agradeço aos amigos que fiz durante a graduação e a pós-graduação no IQ/USP e aos tantos outros amigos pelo apoio emocional neste período! "A utopia está lá no horizonte. Me aproximo dois passos, ela se afasta dois passos. Caminho dez passos, e o horizonte corre dez passos. Por mais que eu caminhe, jamais alcançarei. Para que serve a utopia? Serve para isso: Para que eu não deixe de caminhar" -Eduardo Galeano (As Palavras Andantes) Palavras-chave: Poluição atmosférica, material particulado, transporte de aerossol, íons solúveis em água, hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos, queima de biomassaABSTRACT Pereira, G. M. Molecular characterization and occurrence of PAHs, oxy-, nitro-PAHs, inorganic ions and biomass burning tracers in three Latin American urban sites. 2018. (173 p.). PhD Thesis -Graduate Program in Chemistry.The particulate matter in the fine and inhalable fractions (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) collected in three Latin American cities (São Paulo, Brazil; Lima, Peru; and Medellín, Colombia) was chemically analysed in order to investigate the sources of atmospheric pollution and related health risks. In São Paulo, a year-round extensive campaign (2014) was conducted at the University of São Paulo campus (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) . Intensive campaigns were performed in São Paulo (2010, 2013 and 2014) and in Lima and Medellín (2010). The species such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organic and inorganic ions and the monosaccharides were determined by chromatographic techniques. The carbonaceous species (organic and elemental carbon) were determined by thermal-optical analysis. Trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The associated risks to particulate matter exposure based on PAH concentrations were assessed with the indexes benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaPE) and lung cancer risk (LCR). In 2010, PM 10 average concentration was higher in São Paulo than in the other two sites; 75 % of the samples presented concentrations ...

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Characterization of traffic-related ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in an Asian city: Environmental and health implications

Cited by 93 publications

References 54 publications

Indoor human exposure to size-fractionated aerosols during the 2015 Southeast Asian smoke haze and assessment of exposure mitigation strategies

Indoor human exposure to size-fractionated aerosols during the 2015 Southeast Asian smoke haze and assessment of exposure mitigation strategies

Health Risk of Ambient PM10-bound PAHs at Bus Stops in Spring and Autumn in Tianjin, China

Caracterização molecular e ocorrência de HPA, oxi, nitro-HPA, íons inorgânicos e traçadores de queima de biomassa em três sítios urbanos latino-americanos

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