Characterization of three H5N5 and one H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in China

Zhao, Kunkun; Gu, Minghong; Zhong, Lei; Duan, Zhiqiang; Zhang, Yan; Zhu, Yong; Zhao, Guo; Zhao, Mingjun; Chen, Zhaoyang; Hu, Shunlin; Liu, Wenbo; Liu, Xiaowen; Peng, Daxin

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.12.025

Cited by 193 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The remaining four gene segments (i.e. basic polymerase 1 (PB1), acidic polymerase (PA), matrix protein (MP) and non-structural protein (NS)) were derived from common LPAI viruses [6,7]. Nucleotide sequence identity per segment between European, North American and the genetically closest Asian relatives was high (i.e.…”

Section: Genetic Analyses Of H5n8 Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPAI viruses of the H5 and H7 subtype can evolve into highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses upon introduction into poultry. HPAI H5N8 viruses, such as A/duck/Jiangsu/ k1203/2010, were first detected in birds on live bird markets in China in 2010 [6]. These H5N8 viruses contain genes derived from HPAI H5N1 viruses of the socalled A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (GsGd) lineage [7] that have caused outbreaks in numerous countries of the eastern hemisphere since 1997.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wild bird surveillance around outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus in the Netherlands, 2014, within the context of global flyways

et al. 2015

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) viruses that emerged in poultry in east Asia since 2010 spread to Europe and North America by late 2014. Despite detections in migrating birds, the role of free-living wild birds in the global dispersal of H5N8 virus is unclear. Here, wild bird sampling activities in response to the H5N8 virus outbreaks in poultry in the Netherlands are summarised along with a review on ring recoveries. HPAI H5N8 virus was detected exclusively in two samples from ducks of the Eurasian wigeon species, among 4,018 birds sampled within a three months period from mid-November 2014. The H5N8 viruses isolated from wild birds in the Netherlands were genetically closely related to and had the same gene constellation as H5N8 viruses detected elsewhere in Europe, in Asia and in North America, suggesting a common origin. Ring recoveries of migratory duck species from which H5N8 viruses have been isolated overall provide evidence for indirect migratory connections between East Asia and Western Europe and between East Asia and North America. This study is useful for better understanding the role of wild birds in the global epidemiology of H5N8 viruses. The need for sampling large numbers of wild birds for the detection of H5N8 virus and H5N8-virus-specific antibodies in a variety of species globally is highlighted, with specific emphasis in north-eastern Europe, Russia and northern China.

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Section: Genetic Analyses Of H5n8 Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild bird surveillance around outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus in the Netherlands, 2014, within the context of global flyways

et al. 2015

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“…Nevertheless, clade 2.3.4.4 H5N5 viruses from China have been shown to bind to human-type receptors, transmit efficiently in guinea pigs and might be multiple-resistant to antiviral agents (ZHAO et al, 2013;LI et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel reassortant clade 2.3.4.4 avian influenza A(H5N5) virus in wild birds and poultry, Croatia, 2016-2017

Savić

2017

Vet. arhiv

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) causes flock mortality as high as 100% in susceptible poultry species but it also poses a threat for humans, particularly viruses of A/goose/Guangdong/96-like (GD/96) lineage. The emergence of novel HPAI viruses in migratory birds is of concern because of the potential for virus spread during migration. In late 2016, novel GD/96 reassortant clade 2.3.4.4 group B avian influenza H5N5 virus was detected in wild birds and domestic poultry in Croatia, concurrently with numerous detections of H5N8 virus of the same clade and group. Sequencing of the full genome of the H5N8 index case isolate (October 2016) and of all three H5N5 isolates (December 2016 -March 2017) has shown that the novel H5N5 reassortant virus most likely emerged as a result of complex reassortment process in Asia from HPAI H5N8 viruses after the later viruses have became established in wild bird population. Concurrent findings of both, H5N5 and H5N8 viruses, at the same locations in Croatia indicate that the H5N5 reassortant virus was introduced from Asia as a subpopulation of H5N8 viruses by the same wild bird flyways. Although the novel H5N5 reassortant virus possesses haemagglutinin of the GD/96 lineage, the virus genome has typical avian virus traits. Apart from mutations T215A in M1 protein and P42S in NS1 protein which are associated to increased virulence in mice, none of the mutations related to increased affinity to human-type (α-2,6) receptors and mammalian host adaptation were found. Nevertheless, the virus poses a serious threat to the poultry industry since high pathogenicity for gallinaceous birds was confirmed by high intravenous pathogenicity index (2.87).

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“…The H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) infects wild birds and poultry in several places worldwide, and H5N1 AIV infection causes a serious economic loss in many countries (Chen et al, 2004;Gu et al, 2013;Li et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2013). The virus also causes a serious and frequently fatal illness in humans who are in contact with infected birds, but the transmission between humans is limited (Claas et al, 1998;Subbarao et al, 1998;Yen et al, 2007;Yuen et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of stem glycans attached to haemagglutinin in the biological characteristics of H5N1 avian influenza virus

Zhang¹,

Chen²,

Yang³

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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There are three conserved N-linked glycosites, namely, Asn10, Asn23 and Asn286, in the stem region of haemagglutinin (HA) in H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs). To understand the effect of glycosylation in the stem domain of HA on the biological characteristics of H5N1 AIVs, we used site-directed mutagenesis to generate different patterns of stem glycans on the HA of A/Mallard/ Huadong/S/2005. The results indicated that these three N-glycans were dispensable for the generation of replication-competent influenza viruses. However, when N-glycans at Asn10 plus either Asn23 or Asn268 were removed, the cleavability of HA was almost completely blocked, leading to a significant decrease of the growth rates of the mutant viruses in MDCK and CEF cells in comparison with that of the WT virus. Moreover, the mutant viruses lacking these oligosaccharides, particularly the N-glycan at Asn10, revealed a significant decrease in thermostability and pH stability compared with the WT virus. Interestingly, the mutant viruses induced a lower level of neutralizing antibodies against the WT virus, and most of the mutant viruses were more sensitive to neutralizing antibodies than the WT virus. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that the HA stem glycans play a critical role in HA cleavage, replication, thermostability, pH stability, and antigenicity of H5N1 AIVs.

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Characterization of three H5N5 and one H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in China

Cited by 193 publications

References 19 publications

Wild bird surveillance around outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus in the Netherlands, 2014, within the context of global flyways

Wild bird surveillance around outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus in the Netherlands, 2014, within the context of global flyways

Novel reassortant clade 2.3.4.4 avian influenza A(H5N5) virus in wild birds and poultry, Croatia, 2016-2017

Role of stem glycans attached to haemagglutinin in the biological characteristics of H5N1 avian influenza virus

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