Characterization of the transcriptomes and cuticular protein gene expression of alate adult, brachypterous neotenic and adultoid reproductives of Reticulitermes labralis

Su, Xiaoqing; Li, He; Xiao, Yang; Chen, Jiaoling; Zhang, Honggui; Xing, Lianxi; Zhang, Xiaojing

doi:10.1038/srep34183

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…RR-2 proteins are involved in hard cuticles and the exoskeleton, which protects the insect from environmental stresses, such as biological stresses, abrasions, desiccation, and UV radiation. 17,34 As expected, AcCP19 was highly expressed in the integument, and the expression of AcCP19 increased under desiccation stress. RNAi of AcCP19 increased water loss rate and induced lethal phenotypes, including a darker color in all three aphid species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparisons revealed that CP19 belongs to the CPR family with a highly conserved RR‐2 motif in aphids. RR‐2 proteins are involved in hard cuticles and the exoskeleton, which protects the insect from environmental stresses, such as biological stresses, abrasions, desiccation, and UV radiation . As expected, AcCP19 was highly expressed in the integument, and the expression of AcCP19 increased under desiccation stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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Evaluation of a cuticle protein gene as a potential RNAi target in aphids

Shang

Ding

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND RNA interference (RNAi) has potential as a pest insect control technique. One possible RNAi target is the cuticle protein, which is important in insect molting and development. As an example, here we evaluate the possibility of designing double‐stranded RNA (RNA) that is effective for silencing the cuticle protein 19 gene (CP19) in aphids but is harmless to non‐target predator insects. RESULTS The sequences of CP19s were similar (86.6–94.4%) among the tested aphid species (Aphis citricidus, Acyrthosiphon pisum, and Myzus persicae) but different in the predator Propylaea japonica. Ingestion of species‐specific dsRNAs of CP19 by the three aphids produced 39.3–64.2% gene silencing and 45.8–55.8% mortality. Ingestion of non‐species‐specific dsRNA (dsAcCP19) by Ac. pisum and M. persicae gave gene silencing levels ranging from 40.4% to 50.3% and 43.3–50.8% mortality. The dsApCP19 did not affect PjCP19 expression or developmental duration in P. japonica. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that CP19 is a promising RNAi target for aphid control via one dsRNA design. The targeting of genes that are conserved in insect pests but not present in beneficial insects is a useful RNAi‐based pest control strategy. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Evaluation of a cuticle protein gene as a potential RNAi target in aphids

Shang

Ding

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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“…It serves as attachment site for muscles, implement sensory perceptions and coloration, also provide protection against parasites, pathogen, mechanical injury and perform other physiological functions. However, the cuticle mandatorily protects the whole body of insect and exist at all developmental stages, it also contains exceptional diversity in its mechanical and physicochemical properties to accommodate the functions of protected organs and tissues and enables for growth [3]. Thus, cuticle at different developmental stages from distinct parts of insect’s anatomy may have different characteristics, their functions based on the thickness, framework or morphology of unique layers, chemical composition and molecular connections in the cuticle [2, 4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, recent studies suggested that RR-1 proteins are related to soft and flexible endocuticle and RR-2 proteins are related to tough and hard exocuticle. At different developmental stages particular cuticular protein expression are mandatory for the formation of distinct cuticle layers that may likely contains appropriate combination of morphological, mechanical and physical properties which give mobility, protection and structural support [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though a lot of data is accessible regarding the structure of the termite cuticle, studies focus on the exocuticle of various castes, because it is easy to see the difference in sclerotized and pigmented exocuticles among the alates, soldiers and workers [3, 5, 6]. Until now, the developmental pattern of the endocuticle in termite was unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative transcriptomic analysis and endocuticular protein gene expression of alate adults, workers and soldiers of the termite Reticulitermes aculabialis

Rasheed

Meng

et al. 2019

BMC Genomics

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Background The insect cuticle is mainly composed of exocuticle and endocuticle layers that consist of a large number of structural proteins. The thickness and synthesis of the exocuticle depend on different castes that perform various functions in alates, workers and soldiers. However, it is not clear whether the soft endocuticle is involved in the division of labour in termite colonies. To reveal the structural characteristics of the endocuticle in different castes, we investigated the thickness of endocuticle layers in alates, workers and soldiers of the termite Reticulitermes aculabialis, and then we sequenced their transcriptome and detected the endocuticle protein genes. The differential expression levels of the endocuticular protein genes were confirmed in the three castes. Results We found that there was a great difference in the thickness of the endocuticle among the alates, soldiers and workers. The thickest endocuticle layers were found in the heads of the workers 7.88 ± 1.67 μm. The endocuticle layer in the head of the workers was approximately three-fold and nine-fold thicker than that in the heads of soldiers and alates, respectively. The thinnest endocuticle layers occurred in the head, thorax and abdomen of alates, which were 0.86 ± 0.15, 0.76 ± 0.24 and 0.52 ± 0.17 μm thick, respectively, and had no significant differences. A total of 43,531,650 clean sequencing reads was obtained, and 89,475 unigenes were assembled. Of the 70 identified cuticular protein genes, 10 endocuticular genes that belong to the RR-1 family were selected. qRT-PCR analysis of the five endocuticular genes (SgAbd-2, SgAbd-9, Abd-5, SgAbd-2-like and Abd-4-like) revealed that the endocuticle genes were more highly expressed in workers than in soldiers and alates. Conclusion These results suggest that SgAbd and Abd are the key components of the endocuticle. We infer that the thicker endocuticle in workers is helpful for them to perform their functions against environmental stress.

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Construction of rGO‐Encapsulated Co₃O₄‐CoFe₂O₄ Composites with a Double‐Buffer Structure for High‐Performance Lithium Storage

Shen

Song

et al. 2021

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electric vehicle industry puts forward higher requirements on the energy density and power density of commercial LIBs. [1,2] Current commercial LIBs commonly use graphite-based anodes, which suffer from a low theoretical capacity (372 mAh g −1 ) and relatively slow lithium-ion insertion-desertion kinetics, and thus cannot meet future market requirement for high energy density and power performance. [3,4] Therefore, it is of considerable significance to develop highperformance anode materials to replace the currently widely used graphite-based materials. Among multifarious potential anode materials, transition metal oxides (TMOs) such as Fe 2 O 3 , [5,6] Co 3 O 4 , [7,8] NiO, [9] Ni x Zn y Co 3−x−y , [10] MnO [11,12] as well as their composites, [13][14][15] which take place in conversion reaction with Li + , have many advantages in terms of high theoretical capacity, low acquisition cost, and safety. [16,17] However, there are still some problems to be solved before TMOs can be used as practical LIBs anodes, including huge volume expansion during the lithiation process, low electronic and ionic conductivity, and severe electrolyte decomposition during cycling. [18,19] As we know, poor conductivity of the material will lead to lower capacity release, vast volume expansion will cause rapid capacity decay, and continuous electrolyte decomposition will bring about an abnormal capacity variation. [20,21] It has been found that the nanoengineering and structural engineering design, such as constructing nanoporous [22,23] and hollow [24,25] structures, can shorten the diffusion length of Li + and offer buffer space for volume expansion, and thus improve the capacity release and cycling stability of TMOs anodes. Nevertheless, the highly porous design with a large specific surface area may aggravate side reaction of electrolyte and ultimately result in a significant initial irreversible capacity, [7,8] and hollow structure with low packing density can cause low volumetric energy density. To make better utilization of the inner hollow cavity, core-shell or multi-shell structures are highly desired. [26][27][28] However, construction of core-shell or multi-shell structures is usually a complex and tedious process. On the other hand, the introduction of graphene by in situ or ex situ methods has been proved to be highly effective in improving the conductivity and cyclic life of the TMOs-based Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are promising anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, their poor electronic and ionic conductivity as well as huge volume change leads to low capacity release and rapid capacity decay. Herein, a reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-encapsulated TMOs strategy is developed to address the above problems. The Co 3 O 4 -CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO composites with rGO sheets-encapsulated Co 3 O 4 -CoFe 2 O 4 microcubes are successfully constructed through a simple metal-organic frameworks precursor route, in which Co[Fe(CN) 5 NO] microcubes are in situ coated by graphene oxide sheets, followe...

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Characterization of the transcriptomes and cuticular protein gene expression of alate adult, brachypterous neotenic and adultoid reproductives of Reticulitermes labralis

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation of a cuticle protein gene as a potential RNAi target in aphids

Evaluation of a cuticle protein gene as a potential RNAi target in aphids

Comparative transcriptomic analysis and endocuticular protein gene expression of alate adults, workers and soldiers of the termite Reticulitermes aculabialis

Construction of rGO‐Encapsulated Co₃O₄‐CoFe₂O₄ Composites with a Double‐Buffer Structure for High‐Performance Lithium Storage

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Characterization of the transcriptomes and cuticular protein gene expression of alate adult, brachypterous neotenic and adultoid reproductives of Reticulitermes labralis

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation of a cuticle protein gene as a potential RNAi target in aphids

Evaluation of a cuticle protein gene as a potential RNAi target in aphids

Comparative transcriptomic analysis and endocuticular protein gene expression of alate adults, workers and soldiers of the termite Reticulitermes aculabialis

Construction of rGO‐Encapsulated Co3O4‐CoFe2O4 Composites with a Double‐Buffer Structure for High‐Performance Lithium Storage

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Construction of rGO‐Encapsulated Co₃O₄‐CoFe₂O₄ Composites with a Double‐Buffer Structure for High‐Performance Lithium Storage