Characterization of the toxicity of cerato-ulmin, the toxin of Dutch elm disease

Richards, Wayne C.; Takai, Shôzô

doi:10.1080/07060668409501531

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…CU is also rich in proline (STEVENSON et al 1979b), which contributes to the hydrophobic property of CU and renders possible the interaction between mansonone and CU. Therefore, in addition to the implication of CU in causing symptoms of Dutch elm disease (KRYWIENCZYK et al 1979;TAKAI and HIRATSUKA 1984;RICHARDS and TAKAI 1984), another hiological function of cerato-ulmin could be that it protects the fungus from the toxic effects of the elm phytoalexins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic effects of elm phytoalexin mansonones on Ophiostoma ulmi, the causal agent of dutch elm disease

Jeng

Hubbes

1989

European Journal of Forest Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic effects of elm phytoalexin mansonones on Ophiostoma ulmi, the causal agent of dutch elm disease

Jeng

Hubbes

1989

European Journal of Forest Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1988). The toxin is proposed to be host spécifie (S. Takai, unpublished data) as is the fungus (Takai 1974), although the examination of the effects of the fungus on nonhost plants has provided some insight as to the prévention of the perpétuation of the disease Richards and Takai 1984;Takail974 Strobel et al 1978 Scheffer er a/. Strobel et al 1978Ysaigetal.…”

Section: Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the timing, chemical trigger, and biochemical pathways involved in tylosis hâve yet to be determined. Another host response associated with DED and plant diseases in gênerai is an increase in respiration which occurs soon after infection (Landis and Hart 1972;Richards and Takai 1984). This increase is more rapid in résistant plants, possibly to mobilize défense mechanisms that require an expenditure of energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and cellular aspects of Dutch elm disease

Sticklen¹,

Bolyard²,

Hajela³

et al. 2005

phyto

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cet article de synthèse présente une revue des recherches concernant les interactions moléculaires et cellulaires de la maladie hollandaise de l'orme. Cette maladie, causée par le champignon Ophiostoma ulmi, provoque un flétrissement vasculaire et elle est transmise d'ormes infectés à des ormes sains par des scolytes. Des toxines fongiques sont décrites en relation avec la pathogénèse, l'une d'elles, la cérato-ulmine, étant sous investigation au niveau moléculaire, plus particulièrement en ce qui concerne son mode d 'action et sa localisation. Le champignon a aussi été examiné au niveau moléculaire pour différencier des isolats agressifs et non agressifs sur la base de profils protéiques et d'acides nucléiques. Des cartes de lien génétique sont en développement afin de corréler la perturbation de certains gènes avec la perte du pouvoir pathogène. Des antagonistes viraux et bactériens du champignon, qui peuvent être utilisés comme mécanisme de lutte biologique contre la maladie hollandaise de l'orme, ont été caractérisés ainsi que plusieurs des molécules actives intervenant dans cette lutte. Les réponses de l'hôte sont discutées aux niveaux moléculaire et biochimique, incluant les phy toalexines et les éliciteurs des mécanismes de défense. Plusieurs avenues de recherche sont discutées afin de fournir une revue des approches moléculaires visant à comprendre et à manipuler les organismes impliqués en vue du but ultime de lutter contre la maladie hollandaise de l'orme.The folio wing review gives an overview of current research in the area of molecular and cellular interactions in Dutch elm disease. This vascular wilt disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma ulmi and is transmitted from diseased to healthy trees by the elm bark beetles. Fungal toxins are described which are associated with pathogenesis, one of which, ceratoulmin, is under investigation at the molecular level, particularly regarding its mode of action and localization. The fungus has also been examined at the molecular level to differentiate between aggressive and non-aggressive isolates on the basis of protein and nucleic acid profiles. Genetic linkage maps are being developed to correlate disruption of certain genes with the loss of pathogenicity. Viral and bacterial antagonists of the fungus, which may serve as biological control mechanisms for Dutch elm disease, have been characterized, as have several of the active molecules responsible for control. Host responses are also discussed at the molecular and biochemical level, including phytoalexins and defense mechanism elicitors. Several Unes of investigation are discussed to provide an overview of molecular approaches to understanding and manipulating the organisms involved with the ultimate goal of controlling Dutch elm disease

show abstract

“…', 1990;Tegli ef at 1994). It also induces characteristic wilting and internal disease symptoms in elm cuttings, can be detected immunologically in vivo in infected elm shoots, and shows some host specificity to elm (Takai, 1974;Takai & Richards, 1978; Russo ef at , 1982Richards & Takai, 1984;Okamoto ef at 1986;Richards, 1993). It has therefore been proposed to be the major extracellular toxin involved in the development of vascular wilt symptoms in Dutch elm disease (Takai, 1974;Takai & Richards, 1978;Richards, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally occurring non cerato-ulmin producing mutants of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi are pathogenic but lack aerial mycelium

Brasier

Kirk

Tegli

1995

Mycological Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cerato-ulmin is a protein implicated as a major toxin in the development of Dutch elm disease symptoms in elms infected with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. O. novo-ulmi isolates typically produce fibrous-striate aerial mycelium on malt extract agar and secrete high levels of cerato-ulmin in liquid medium. However, two different genotypes of O. novo-ulmi (NAN race) from a population sample in Portugal. isolates MAFf8 and PG470, exhibited unusual flat-waxy 'non-aerial mycelial' colony types and were found to produce no detectable cerato-ulmin. The two isolates otherwise behaved as normal O. novo-ulmi isolates, including being highly pathogenic to Ulmus procera. When MAFf8 and PG470 were crossed with wild-type NAN 0. novo-ulmi isolates, non-aerial mycelial colony phenotype and non cerato-ulmin production was shown in each case to be controlled by a single pleiotropic mutation, termed cu-. A further cross showed the cu-locus was probably allelic in the two isolates. The influence of the cu-locus on colony phenotypes in O. novo-ulmi supports the view that cerato-ulmin is a fungal hydrophobin. The normal pathogenic ability of the two cu-isolates raises questions about the proposed role of cerato-ulmin as a wilt toxin.

show abstract

Characterization of the toxicity of cerato-ulmin, the toxin of Dutch elm disease

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Toxic effects of elm phytoalexin mansonones on Ophiostoma ulmi, the causal agent of dutch elm disease

Toxic effects of elm phytoalexin mansonones on Ophiostoma ulmi, the causal agent of dutch elm disease

Molecular and cellular aspects of Dutch elm disease

Naturally occurring non cerato-ulmin producing mutants of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi are pathogenic but lack aerial mycelium

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About