Characterization of the T‐ and B‐cell immune response to a new recombinant pre‐S1, pre‐S2 and SHBs antigen containing hepatitis B vaccine (Hepagene™); evidence for superior anti‐SHBs antibody induction in responder mice

Jones, Christopher D.; Page, Mark; Bacon, Andrew; Cahill, E.S.; Bentley, M. G.; Chatfield, Steven N.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2893.1998.0050s2005.x

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…[6][7][8][9][10] As its surface proteins are glycosylated, the new vaccine closely mimics the surface of the HBV itself. The role of the pre-S1 and pre-S2 domains of the virus are still the subject of research, but in general, they are thought to augment anti-HBs responses.…”

Section: ) Than a Further Attempt With A Current Vaccine (Engerix-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] This novel vaccine has been developed to produce a superior immunologic response to that of currently approved vaccines. Animal studies have indicated that it was well tolerated, 6,7 and a viral challenge study in chimpanzees has shown protective efficacy. Clinical trials have confirmed that the vaccine is well tolerated in humans and that a 20-g dose is adequate and effective for vaccination of naïve subjects, as well as potentially for the revaccination of subjects "at risk" who have responded inadequately to single-antigen hepatitis B vaccines.…”

Section: ) Than a Further Attempt With A Current Vaccine (Engerix-mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a new hepatitis B triple-antigen vaccine in inadequate responders to current vaccines

Zuckerman

Symington³

et al. 2001

Hepatology

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In this double-blind, randomized, controlled study, healthcare professionals with a history of inadequate response to currently available single-antigen hepatitis B vaccines confirmed by measuring hepatitis B surface antibody titer before entry to the study were revaccinated with a 20-g dose either of a novel triple-antigen (S, pre-S1, and pre-S2) recombinant vaccine or of a present single-antigen (S only) vaccine. Hepatitis B surface antibody titers were measured 8 weeks' post revaccination. A total of 925 individuals were randomized and vaccinated, of whom 915 (98.9%) completed the study and were included in the efficacy analysis. A single dose of the new triple-antigen hepatitis B vaccine (Hepacare) produced a successful response in over three quarters of these subjects who had not mounted an adequate response to current vaccines. The antibody response was statistically significantly superior (P ‫؍‬ .002) to that after a single dose of current vaccines. An evaluation of the overall response showed that only the triple-antigen vaccine was able to raise the average antibody response (geometric mean titer [GMT]) to over 100 IU/L. The superior effect of the new vaccine was most pronounced in subjects who were previously complete nonresponders to currently available hepatitis B vaccines. Both vaccines were well tolerated and had similar safety profiles. This study demonstrated that in healthcare workers who had responded inadequately to at least a full course of immunization (median, 5 doses), a single 20-g dose of a new triple-antigen vaccine induced protective antibody level in more vaccinees (P ‫؍‬ .002) and increased the average antibody titer (GMT) in those protected successfully to a greater degree (P < . 001) than a further attempt with a current vaccine (Engerix-B). (HEPATOLOGY 2001;34:798-802.)It is estimated that more than 2 billion people worldwide have been infected by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), and that currently there are about 350 million carriers. 1 Vaccination is the only approach to eradication of the disease, and the adoption of universal childhood vaccination against hepatitis B is now recommended 2 and implemented in some 100 countries. However, these programs have only been adopted in the last decade or so, and therefore there is a continuing need to protect those at high risk such as physicians and ancillary healthcare workers. 3 In this context, it is important to recognize that present vaccination programs are not completely successful, and that 10% to 15% of the normal adult population fail to produce hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) titers above the critical values for protection (10 IU/L). 4,5 The HBV consists of an inner core and an outer surface coat (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]). The inner core contains double-stranded DNA, DNA polymerase, hepatitis B core antigen, and the e antigen. Several antigenic determinants (a, d, y, w, and r) are found on HBsAg particles. The HBV genome consists of several open reading frames in addition to that for the common surface antigen...

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Section: ) Than a Further Attempt With A Current Vaccine (Engerix-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Than a Further Attempt With A Current Vaccine (Engerix-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a new hepatitis B triple-antigen vaccine in inadequate responders to current vaccines

Zuckerman

Symington³

et al. 2001

Hepatology

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“…However, the procedure did not account for the spatial requirements in the native protein, and consequently the secretion efficiency could not be fully predicted and an observed reduction in HBsAg antigenicity was not unexpected (8,9,38). HBsAg is known to elicit a strong humoral response when used as a vaccine against hepatitis B virus infection in human subjects (25,26,39). Our data for IgG1 and IgG2a levels suggest that both Th1 and Th2 responses are elicited following immunization of mice with VLP-KatA constructs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…However, most monomeric antigens, such as synthetic peptides, recombinant proteins, and viral subunit vaccines, are poorly immunogenic and generally require the use of adjuvants to induce an appropriate immune response (1a, 44). In this context, HBsAg VLPs, because of their spatial structure, are generally able to induce a more effective immune response than denatured particles or soluble proteins (9,26). In addition, since HBsAg VLPs are able to self-assemble into particles, they can be produced in large quantities and due to their particulate structure are easily enriched and purified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Response to Parenteral Vaccination with Recombinant Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Virus-Like Particles Expressing Helicobacter pylori KatA Epitopes in a Murine H. pylori Challenge Model

Kotiw

Johnson

Pandey

et al. 2012

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Virus-like particles (VLPs) based on the small envelope protein of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg-S) are immunogenic at the B-and T-cell level. In this study, we inserted overlapping sequences encoding the carboxy terminus of the Helicobacter pylori katA gene product into HBsAg-S. The HBsAg-S-KatA fusion proteins were able to assemble into secretion-competent VLPs (VLP-KatA). The VLP-KatA proteins were able to induce KatA-specific antibodies in immunized mice. The mean total IgG antibody titers 41 days post-primary immunization with VLP-KatA (2.3 ؋ 10 3 ) were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those observed for vaccination with VLP alone (5.2 ؋ 10 2 ). Measurement of IgG isotypes revealed responses to both IgG1 and IgG2a (mean titers, 9.0 ؋ 10 4 and 2.6 ؋ 10 4 , respectively), with the IgG2a response to vaccination with VLP-KatA being significantly higher than that for mice immunized with KatA alone (P < 0.05). Following challenge of mice with H. pylori, a significantly reduced bacterial load in the gastric mucosa was observed (P < 0.05). This is the first report describing the use of VLPs as a delivery vehicle for H. pylori antigens.

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“…Also, a recent report by Kane et al [30] suggested that there is a high risk of transmission of HCV and HIV due to unsafe injections. A recombinant vaccine (Hepagene; Evans Vaccines) containing pre-S and S sequences has been shown to induce strong cellular and humoral immune responses in 'responder' mice following two injections, to promote T cell help in 'non-responders' and to protect chimpanzees from challenge [32][33][34][35]. However, the vaccine still requires more than one dose.…”

Section: Status Of Current Vaccines For Hepatitis Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Development of Peptide Vaccines for Hepatitis B

Moynihan

Howard

2001

Intervirology

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The control of hepatitis B by vaccination is arguably one of medicine’s greatest achievements in terms of protecting infants and adults at high risk of infection. Paradoxically, however, the existence of a large reservoir of chronically infected individuals will not diminish the risk of infection by those coming into close contact with such persons until universal infant immunisation is practised globally and vaccines are in place to ensure maximum efficacy in those with impaired immune responses, immunity is achieved with fewer doses, and immunisation as an adjunct to the antiviral treatment of chronic carriers is adopted. These imperatives have continued to stimulate research into vaccines based on chemically synthesised short peptides, and those systems best suited for their delivery. This review discusses the potential of synthetic peptide formulations as efficient inducers of both humoral and cellular immune responses against hepatitis B, and reviews recent advances in peptide delivery. Synthetic peptide and delivery systems technologies will, amongst others, be of paramount importance in the global fight for the eradication of hepatitis B in the 21st century.

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Characterization of the T‐ and B‐cell immune response to a new recombinant pre‐S1, pre‐S2 and SHBs antigen containing hepatitis B vaccine (Hepagene™); evidence for superior anti‐SHBs antibody induction in responder mice

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of a new hepatitis B triple-antigen vaccine in inadequate responders to current vaccines

Evaluation of a new hepatitis B triple-antigen vaccine in inadequate responders to current vaccines

Immunological Response to Parenteral Vaccination with Recombinant Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Virus-Like Particles Expressing Helicobacter pylori KatA Epitopes in a Murine H. pylori Challenge Model

Recent Advances in the Development of Peptide Vaccines for Hepatitis B

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